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blueforest
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My question is: Simple kinetic model for solids, liquids and gases.
I searched on google and find these result but I don't know whether it was right. And also I think it is too long to do in an exam.
. Please help me to check it. Thank you.
Model for liquid
This is the link for the model
http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Depts/Chemistry/Courses/General/fig7-16.html
A feature of the model that is not evident from the figure is that the molecules are in constant motion, as in the gas and solid, colliding frequently with neighbors. As for the gas and the solid phases, the kinetic energies of the particles of the liquid are described by the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, and the average KE per particle is 3/2 kT. Each molecule is fairly closely surrounded by other molecules, but there are definite gaps (holes) in the structure. Molecules use these gaps to slip and slide easily past one another, which manifests macroscopically in the ability to flow. There are regions in the liquid that are quite ordered, similar to the solid, but the regions are constantly shifting position as molecules move to close gaps and open new ones. The gaps prevent the order from extending over long distances. Thus liquids have short-range order, in contrast to the long-range order of crystalline solids. The gaps allow diffusion of a molecule through the liquid, but frequent collisions with neighboring molecules makes diffusion slow. Contrast this with the rapid diffusion in the gas phase, where a molecule travels a long distance between collisions; and the extremely slow diffusion of the solid phase, where a molecule is locked into its lattice location. Diffusion rates in solid, liquid, and gas are best understood in terms of the mean free path, the average distance traveled by a molecule between collisions. The mean free path in the solid is virtually zero. In the liquid, it is a fraction of the molecular diameter. But in the gas, the mean free path may be 10-100 molecular diameters, depending on gas pressure.
I searched on google and find these result but I don't know whether it was right. And also I think it is too long to do in an exam.
. Please help me to check it. Thank you. Model for liquid
This is the link for the model
http://www.wpi.edu/Academics/Depts/Chemistry/Courses/General/fig7-16.html
A feature of the model that is not evident from the figure is that the molecules are in constant motion, as in the gas and solid, colliding frequently with neighbors. As for the gas and the solid phases, the kinetic energies of the particles of the liquid are described by the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, and the average KE per particle is 3/2 kT. Each molecule is fairly closely surrounded by other molecules, but there are definite gaps (holes) in the structure. Molecules use these gaps to slip and slide easily past one another, which manifests macroscopically in the ability to flow. There are regions in the liquid that are quite ordered, similar to the solid, but the regions are constantly shifting position as molecules move to close gaps and open new ones. The gaps prevent the order from extending over long distances. Thus liquids have short-range order, in contrast to the long-range order of crystalline solids. The gaps allow diffusion of a molecule through the liquid, but frequent collisions with neighboring molecules makes diffusion slow. Contrast this with the rapid diffusion in the gas phase, where a molecule travels a long distance between collisions; and the extremely slow diffusion of the solid phase, where a molecule is locked into its lattice location. Diffusion rates in solid, liquid, and gas are best understood in terms of the mean free path, the average distance traveled by a molecule between collisions. The mean free path in the solid is virtually zero. In the liquid, it is a fraction of the molecular diameter. But in the gas, the mean free path may be 10-100 molecular diameters, depending on gas pressure.
