Calculating Kinetic Energy at Perihelion: Orbital Energetics Help

AI Thread Summary
To calculate the kinetic energy at perihelion, the correct formula is E = -GMm/2a, where 'a' is the semi-major axis, rather than using -GMm/2r, which applies only to circular orbits. The provided values include the mass of the star and planet, as well as distances from perihelion and aphelion. The potential energy at perihelion is given as -4.698 x 10^33 J. The initial calculation of kinetic energy was incorrect, highlighting the importance of using the appropriate formula for elliptical orbits. Understanding these orbital dynamics is crucial for accurate energy calculations.
klarge
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Given:
Planet is orbiting a star
G = 6.67259 x 10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2
Mstar = 1.99 x 10^30 kg
mplanet = 5.98 x 10^24 kg
distance from perihelion to star = 1.69 x 10^11 m
distance from aphelion to star = 1.745 x 10^11 m
potential energy at perihelion = -4.698 x 10^33 J


Need:
Kinetic energy at perihelion

To solve for perihelion kinetic energy I used GMm/2r and checked it with -.5 x potential energy, but apparently this was incorrect as my answer (2.3493 x 10^33 J) was incorrect.

Am I missing something? Or could the "correct" answer be incorrect (this has been known to occur).
 
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klarge said:
To solve for perihelion kinetic energy I used GMm/2r and checked it with -.5 x potential energy, but apparently this was incorrect as my answer (2.3493 x 10^33 J) was incorrect.
The total energy is E=-\frac {GMm}{2a}, not -\frac {GMm}{2r}. The latter equation (the one you used) is only valid for circular orbits.
 
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