Polarity in Atoms: Understanding Electron Movement in Covalent Bonds

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the concept of polarity in atoms, particularly in the context of quantum mechanics (QM) and covalent bonds. Participants explore how electrons behave in these scenarios, questioning traditional views of electron movement and the implications for understanding polarity.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how electrons can be attracted to covalently bonded atoms while also suggesting they might be "stuck" at a single point, seeking clarification on the nature of electron movement in QM.
  • Another participant asserts that electrons do not revolve around atoms and cannot be stuck at a point, proposing that electrons exist in energy states with spatial distributions across molecules.
  • A request is made for an explanation of how polarity occurs within this framework of QM.
  • One participant suggests that polarity can be understood as an average effect, where probability distributions of electron locations are not necessarily symmetrical.
  • Another participant provides an example of van der Waals bonds, indicating that these arise from polarization effects where electrons are unevenly distributed around a molecule.
  • It is noted that in QM, electrons are more likely to be found in certain areas of a molecule, contributing to the concept of polarity.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the nature of electron behavior in atoms and the concept of polarity. There is no consensus on how to reconcile classical and quantum perspectives on these topics.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference the Schrödinger equation and the concept of energy states, but the discussion does not resolve the underlying assumptions about electron behavior or the definitions of polarity.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to those studying quantum mechanics, chemistry, or anyone looking to understand the complexities of atomic interactions and polarity in molecular structures.

harjot singh
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here polarity in an atom is although chemistry topic but my problem is related to QM
my question is that how electrons revolve around the covalently bonded atom where the electrostatic forces of attraction causes them to stuck at a single point. but if this assumption is wrong then correct me here and also tell me how polarity of electrons on one side of atom is possible if electrons is taken as standing waves in atom?
 
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In QM, electrons do not revolve around atoms.
They cannot get "stuck at a single point" either.

Instead the electron will have some energy state with a spatial distribution spanning both molecules all the time.
The available stationary states can be found by solving the shrödinger equation for the combined potential of the atoms. The usual introduction to this topic investigates the H2^+ molecular ion as the simplest case.

See: Brandes T. (2005) V.3 p39 in http://wwwitp.physik.tu-berlin.de/brandes/public_html/publications/notes05.pdf in "Lectures", from the University of Manchester.
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Simon Bridge said:
In QM, electrons do not revolve around atoms.
They cannot get "stuck at a single point" either.

Instead the electron will have some energy state with a spatial distribution spanning both molecules all the time.
The available stationary states can be found by solving the shrödinger equation for the combined potential of the atoms. The usual introduction to this topic investigates the H2^+ molecular ion as the simplest case.

See: Brandes T. (2005) V.3 p39 in http://wwwitp.physik.tu-berlin.de/brandes/public_html/publications/notes05.pdf in "Lectures", from the University of Manchester.


then explain me how polarity occurs?
 
Last edited by a moderator:
As with any classical effect: Polarity occurs on average - the probability distributions do not have to be symmetrical. The various classical behaviors you are used to are emergent behaviors.

Can you give an example of polarity in a neutral atom so I know what you are talking about.
 
for example:- we see van der walls' bond formed by two molecules due to polarization?

i m talking about this polarity
 
Same answer.
Wan der Waals effects arise from molecules - where electrons spend more time close to one part of the molecule than other parts... on average. In QM we say that the electrons are more likely to be found in some places than others.
 

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