To calculate pressure at each end of a pipe with turbulent flow and unknown length, key factors include the fluid type, density variations with temperature, and mass flow rate. The Darcy-Weisbach equation is essential for pipe flow calculations, and assumptions about inlet or outlet pressure may be necessary. For the given oil fluid with a significant temperature difference of 45K, the viscosity change must be considered. The Reynolds number can be calculated from the mass flow rate to confirm turbulence. Using a non-dimensionalized Navier-Stokes approach or software like Femlab may be recommended for more complex scenarios involving temperature gradients.