Proving a form ##z=f(r)## to be a surface of revolution

Click For Summary

Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around understanding why a surface defined by the equation ##z=f(r)## in cylindrical coordinates must be a surface of revolution. Participants explore the implications of the equation's dependence on the variable ##r## and its independence from the angle ##\theta##.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Some participants attempt to relate the equation to spherical coordinates, questioning the relevance of this approach. Others explore the implications of the equation being independent of ##\theta## and how this relates to the definition of a surface of revolution.

Discussion Status

Participants are actively engaging with the problem, offering insights and questioning each other's reasoning. There is a recognition of the need to clarify the relationship between the variables and the nature of the surface being described.

Contextual Notes

There are discussions about the appropriateness of using spherical coordinates in this context, as well as considerations about the uniqueness of points and the nature of the function ##f##.

toforfiltum
Messages
341
Reaction score
4

Homework Statement


Suppose that a surface has an equation in cylindrical coordinates of the form ##z=f(r)##. Explain why it must be a surface of revolution.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I consider ##z=f(r)## in terms of spherical coordinates.

## p cosφ = f \sqrt{(p sinφcosθ)^2 + (p sinφsinθ)^2} ##

## p cosφ= f\sqrt{(p sinφ)^2} ##

## p cosφ=f(p sinφ)##

##cosφ= f (sinφ)##

##∴φ= \cos^{-1} f(sinφ)##

Since equation is independent of ##\theta##, it describes a surface of revolution about the ##z## axis.

Is my prove right or acceptable?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
toforfiltum said:

Homework Statement


Suppose that a surface has an equation in cylindrical coordinates of the form ##z=f(r)##. Explain why it must be a surface of revolution.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I consider ##z=f(r)## in terms of spherical coordinates.

## p cosφ = f \sqrt{(p sinφcosθ)^2 + (p sinφsinθ)^2} ##

## p cosφ= f\sqrt{(p sinφ)^2} ##

## p cosφ=f(p sinφ)##

##cosφ= f (sinφ)##

##∴φ= \cos^{-1} f(sinφ)##

Since equation is independent of ##\theta##, it describes a surface of revolution about the ##z## axis.

Is my prove right or acceptable?

You are using spherical, not cylindreical coordinates. Also: in LaTeX, put a "\" before sin, cos, etc. Without it, the results are ugly and hard to read, like ##sin \phi cos \theta##; with it, they look good, as in ##\sin \phi \cos \theta##.
 
Ray Vickson said:
You are using spherical, not cylindreical coordinates. Also: in LaTeX, put a "\" before sin, cos, etc. Without it, the results are ugly and hard to read, like ##sin \phi cos \theta##; with it, they look good, as in ##\sin \phi \cos \theta##.
Okay! Thanks for the advice! Just started using it, so sorry for the ugly text. I don't have any idea of starting the proof using cylindrical coordinates, that's why I converted it to spherical ones. But I will give it a try now.

The cylindrical coordinates are in the form ##(r,\theta, z)##. I assume that ##r \geq 0##
So ##r= \sqrt{(x^2 + y^2)}##

and ##z=f(\sqrt{(x^2 + y^2)})##, which gives a unique value. These gives a set of points that form a line in ##3D## space.

Since equation is independent of ##\theta##, line is the same for any value of ##\theta##. These similar set of lines form a surface of revolution.

Is it right in any way at all? I'm guessing here.
 
toforfiltum said:

Homework Statement


Suppose that a surface has an equation in cylindrical coordinates of the form ##z=f(r)##. Explain why it must be a surface of revolution.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I consider ##z=f(r)## in terms of spherical coordinates.
Why introduce spherical coordinates, which have nothing to do with this question?
If you have a surface of revolution revolved about the ##z## axis, that would mean ##z(r,\theta_1) = z(r,\theta_2)## for any ##\theta_1## and ##\theta_2## wouldn't it? Is that true in your case?
 
LCKurtz said:
Why introduce spherical coordinates, which have nothing to do with this question?
If you have a surface of revolution revolved about the ##z## axis, that would mean ##z(r,\theta_1) = z(r,\theta_2)## for any ##\theta_1## and ##\theta_2## wouldn't it? Is that true in your case?
Yes. So, is what I'm saying above right? But I'm not sure if having a unique set of points will form a line, though.
It depends on ##f##, right?
 
Oh, I think I see now why ##z=f(r)## represents a surface of revolution. Using the explanation on ##zr## planes given by @LCKurtz , each value of ##r## gives a value of ##z##, and the set of values of ##r## gives its respective values of ##z##. Since equation is independent of ##\theta##, these set of points are the same for all values of ##\theta##, and this is the reason why it forms a surface of revolution.

Am I right?
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
4K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
5K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K