Proving f(x)=0 in [-1,1] | Analytical Function Homework Statement

[talolard]

Homework Statement

I had this question on a test. No one I talked to had a clue how to solve it, and our professor will not be publishing solutions. Any insight as to how to approach this would be great because I am totally stumped.

Let $$f \in C^\infty[-1,1]$$ such that for all $$j \in N |f^{(j)}|<M$$. given that $$f(1/k)=0 \forall k \in N$$ prove that $$f=0$$ in $$[-1,1]$$

The Attempt at a Solution

The only idea I've had is that I need to use the taylor series. But I have no idea what to do with it.
Thanks
Tal

 

[latentcorpse]

hmm. can only offer comments really as I am not much of an analyst. but if its zero at every rational number in the interval then by the density of the rationals, it would need to be zero everywhere else since the derivatives are bounded which prevents things such as discontinuities etc.

 

[talolard]

I thought of that, but it's npot the case. we know nothing about, say, F(5/7)

 

[vela]

Can you make use of the theorem that says analytic functions have at least one singular point or are constant?

 

[talolard]

Never heard that one, so I guess not.

 

[Count Iblis]

Hints:

1) What is f(0) ?

2) What are the derivatives of f at zero?

 

[HallsofIvy]

By the way, you title this "analytic functions" but refer [math]f\in C^\infty [-1, 1][/math]. That is NOT the set of "analytic functions on [-1, 1]. The fact that a function has all derivatives continuous does NOT imply that it is analytic. For example, the function
$$f(x)= \begin{array}{c}0 if x= 0 \\ e^{-\frac{1}{x}} if x\ne 0$$
is in $$C^\infty[-1, 1]$$ but is not analytic on that set.

 

[talolard]

@countbliss
I asume f(0) is 0 but I don't know how to prove it. I thought that since K can go to infity values of 1/k that are arbitrarily close to 0 are zero implies that f(0) is 0. But I'm not sure that really proves it and I don't have an idea as to how to prove it.

Halls ofIvy, duly noted. Thanks

 

[Office_Shredder]

That's a general property of continuous functions. A function is continuous if and only if given any convergent sequence $$x_n \to x$$, you get $$f(x_n) \to f(x)$$

 

[talolard]

Gee, I wish I remebered thaat on the exam.
Ok, having established that f(0)=0 I'm clear on how to prove this for [0,1]. But what about [-1,0]? I'm assuming it has something to do with the bounded deriviatives, but that is just because we haven't used that information yet.

 

[Count Iblis]

You got the proof for x = 0 only so far. The next step is to use the Nth order Taylor formula with an appropriate form of the error term.

 

[talolard]

I don't see it. I can prove f=0 for [0,1] using rolles theorem and induction. I don't see how to do this on [-1,0]. And I don't see where the error term can help. I'm stumped!