# Analytical Definition and 8 Discussions

Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods used to separate, identify, and quantify matter. In practice, separation, identification or quantification may constitute the entire analysis or be combined with another method. Separation isolates analytes. Qualitative analysis identifies analytes, while quantitative analysis determines the numerical amount or concentration.
Analytical chemistry consists of classical, wet chemical methods and modern, instrumental methods. Classical qualitative methods use separations such as precipitation, extraction, and distillation. Identification may be based on differences in color, odor, melting point, boiling point, solubility, radioactivity or reactivity. Classical quantitative analysis uses mass or volume changes to quantify amount. Instrumental methods may be used to separate samples using chromatography, electrophoresis or field flow fractionation. Then qualitative and quantitative analysis can be performed, often with the same instrument and may use light interaction, heat interaction, electric fields or magnetic fields. Often the same instrument can separate, identify and quantify an analyte.
Analytical chemistry is also focused on improvements in experimental design, chemometrics, and the creation of new measurement tools. Analytical chemistry has broad applications to medicine, science and engineering.

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1. ### The definition of generalised momentum

Why, in lagrangian mechanics, do we calculate: ##\frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial T}{\partial \dot{q}}## to get the (generalised) momentum change in time instead of ##\frac{d T}{dq}##? (T - kinetic energy; q - generalised coordinate; p - generalised momentum; for simplicity I assumed that no external...
2. ### Voltage in an electrolyte tank -- Need help with a numerical and analytical approach

So I am working on a project where I have a tank, which has a volume of electrolyte liquid inside it. This is coupled to a battery which charges it, and gives it energy. I will have a copperband arround it, so i can measure a potential voltage from the electrical field. So what I need to...
3. ### A Analytical function from numerable point set

Sometimes there are functions that are initially defined for only integer values of the argument, but can be extended to functions of real variable by some obvious way. An example of this is the factorial ##n!## which is extended to a gamma function by a convenient integral definition. So, if I...
4. ### A Solution?: Quintic Equation from Physical System

First time in this forum, so greetings to everyone! I am currently working with some physical models in the field of natural ventilation and I came across the following 5th order polynomial equation (quintic function): $X^{5}+ C X - C =0$ This is the steady state solution of a physical system...
5. ### I Convergence of Taylor series in a point implies analyticity

Suppose that the Taylor series of a function ##f: (a,b) \subset \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}## (with ##f \in C^{\infty}##), centered in a point ##x_0 \in (a,b)## converges to ##f(x)## ##\forall x \in (x_0-r, x_0+r)## with ##r >0##. That is f(x)=\sum_{n \geq 0} \frac{f^{(n)}(x_0)}{n!} (x-x_0)^n...
6. ### A Laplace equation on a trapezoid

Hello everybody! I know how to solve Laplace equation on a square or a rectangle. Is there any easy way to find an analytical solution of Laplace equation on a trapezoid (see picture). Thank you.
7. ### Preparing a Solution using ppm and ppb -

I would like to prepare 50.0 g of 50 ppb Pb standard solution in 1% HNO3 gravimetrically, in a 50.0mL plastic tube from a stock solution of 50 ppm Pb. From what I understand, this is a dilution...so C1V1 = C2V2 I like working in mg/L more than ppb and ppm so I converted 50 ppb = 0.05 mg/L 50...
8. ### Engineering Mathematical modelling of Electric-Thermal-Structuralphysics

Hi i am working on a research paper for which i need very good citation for the analytic analysis coupling Electric - Thermal-Structural physics(via Joule Thomson effect & Thermal stress/strain). Please provide any good source of mathematical relations describing the above complete or in part...