Proving the Inner Product Identity for Complex Numbers

cabin5
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Homework Statement


Prove that
\left\langle\alpha x,y\right\rangle-\alpha\left\langle x,y\right\rangle=0 for \alpha=i
where
\left\langle x,y\right\rangle=\frac{1}{4}\left\{\left\|x+y\right\|^{2}-\left\|x-y\right\|^{2}+i\left\|x+iy\right\|^{2}-i\left\|x-iy\right\|^{2}\right\}


Homework Equations




The Attempt at a Solution


I put the alpha*x into that equation and substract it from \alpha\left\langle x,y\right\rangle
unfortunately, I couldn't find zero, and what it yielded is
\frac{1}{2}\left[\left\|x-y\right\|^{2}-\left\|x+y\right\|^{2}+\left\|x+iy\right\|^{2}-\left\|x-iy\right\|^{2}\right]

How on Earth can this expression yield zero?
 
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I think you're slipping up somewhere. Maybe everything will be easier to manage if you rewrite the equation for \langle x,y \rangle as:

\langle x,y \rangle = \frac{1}{4} \sum_{k=0}^3 i^k \|x+i^ky\|.
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...
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