Question about electromagnetic waves -- Penetration vs. Frequency

In summary, high frequency electromagnetic waves are able to penetrate more than low frequency waves due to the higher energy they possess. However, the transparency or opacity of a medium depends on the interaction between the radiation and the medium, so it is not always true that high frequency waves will penetrate more than low frequency ones. The electromagnetic spectrum is vast and there are no specific rules that apply to all regions, as there are examples where high frequency waves penetrate less. It also depends on the material that the wave is penetrating.
  • #1
samy4408
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a problem with an information i read.
I read in a book that high frequency electromagnetic waves are more able to penetrate than low ones , so why radio waves can penetrate walls when light cannot?

2022-03-07 14_08_16-5.1 Nature of Waves _ _ AP® Physics 2 - Part 3_ Optics and Modern Physics ...png
 
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  • #3
It depends what exactly you mean by penetration. This statement looks to me like it is not entirely correct.

If we take penetration of EM into metal plates, the so called skin effect/depth, it is inversely proportional to frequency, that is the higher the frequency the less the depth the EM wave penetrates into the metal.
 
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  • #4
samy4408 said:
I read in a book that high frequency electromagnetic waves are more able to penetrate than low ones , so why radio waves can penetrate walls when light cannot?
I think it is true if photons rather than EM waves are considered. E = h⋅u ;
More energetic particles are harder to stop.
 
  • #5
What are the other two rules? The electromagnetic spectrum is so huge that no single rule applies to all the region of the EM waves. You can find examples where the high frequency penetrates more and where it penetrates less. You already found one that disproves the "rule". Depends on what you compare. And also, on the material that the wave penetrates.
 
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1. What is the relationship between electromagnetic wave penetration and frequency?

The higher the frequency of an electromagnetic wave, the lower its ability to penetrate materials. This is because higher frequency waves have shorter wavelengths, making it easier for them to be absorbed or reflected by objects in their path.

2. Why do higher frequency electromagnetic waves have less penetration power?

Higher frequency waves have more energy, which means they can interact more strongly with atoms and molecules in materials. This leads to more absorption and reflection, reducing the wave's ability to penetrate through objects.

3. How does the penetration of electromagnetic waves affect their use in different technologies?

The penetration of electromagnetic waves can determine the effectiveness of certain technologies. For example, high frequency waves are used in medical imaging because they can penetrate through soft tissues, while low frequency waves are used in communication technologies because they can travel long distances through the atmosphere.

4. Can electromagnetic waves with high frequencies still penetrate through materials?

Yes, high frequency waves can still penetrate through some materials, especially those with low density or thin layers. However, their ability to penetrate decreases as the frequency increases.

5. What are the practical implications of understanding the relationship between electromagnetic wave penetration and frequency?

Understanding this relationship is important in various fields, such as engineering, medicine, and telecommunications. It allows us to design and use technologies that utilize the appropriate frequency for their intended purpose, and also helps in understanding how electromagnetic waves interact with different materials.

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