Question about the symmetry of integrals

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The discussion centers on the symmetry of integrals involving the function ψ(x,y,z) = x e^{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}}. The user explores the integration of this function over all space using spherical coordinates, leading to different results based on the variable placed in front of the exponential. Specifically, the integral with x in front yields zero due to the integral of cos(ϕ), while the integral with z in front also results in zero due to the integral of cos(θ). This highlights the importance of variable placement in determining the behavior of integrals.

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Students in physics and mathematics, particularly those studying quantum mechanics and integral calculus, will benefit from this discussion. It is also relevant for educators and anyone interested in the nuances of integral evaluation and symmetry in mathematical functions.

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O.K. , this question is inspired by a physics class I'm taking where we're working out the expectation values of wave functions, but I think the question really belongs in the math section. Thank you in advance for any help. Here goes nothing...
We have a function ψ(x,y,z) = x e\sqrt{}x<sup>2</sup> + y<sup>2</sup>+ z<sup>2</sup>
Now I want to integrate this over all space. So I switch to spherical polar include the Jacobian and I end up with a separable integral of sinθ cubed form 0 to pi which is zero. No problem. But here's where the question pops up. I go to calculate the same function except this time with a z in front of the exponential, and I get a different answer, because I no longer get the sin^3 when I switch to spherical. It just seems really odd to me. I apologize if my formatting leaves something to be desired I'm new to the site, and any help would be greatly appreciated. Any insight on why a arbitrary change would affect the behavior of the integral?
 
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In the first case(x in front),the integral is:
<br /> \int_0^\infty \int_0^{2\pi} \int_0^\pi r\sin{\theta}\cos{\varphi} e^r r^2\sin{\theta}d\theta d\varphi dr=\int_0^\infty r^3 e^r dr \int_0^{2\pi} \cos\varphi d\varphi \int_0^\pi \sin^2{\theta} d\theta<br />
The \varphi integral is equal to zero so the answer is zero.
In the second case(z in front),the integral is:
<br /> \int_0^\infty \int_0^{2\pi} \int_0^\pi r\cos{\theta} e^r r^2\sin{\theta}d\theta d\varphi dr=<br /> \int_0^\infty r^3 e^r dr \int_0^{2\pi} d\varphi \int_0^\pi \cos{\theta}\sin{\theta}d\theta<br />
Now the \theta integral is zero and so again the answer is zero.
 

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