Electronics is the branch of science and technology that deals with the study and application of electrical circuits and devices using active electrical components such as transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits.
Some common electronic devices include smartphones, computers, televisions, radios, and kitchen appliances such as microwaves and refrigerators.
Analog electronics uses continuous electrical signals to represent information, while digital electronics uses discrete signals represented by binary digits (0s and 1s). Digital electronics offer better precision and reliability, while analog electronics can handle a wider range of signals.
In electronic circuits, electricity flows from the power source (e.g. battery or wall outlet) through conductive materials such as wires and components like resistors and capacitors, creating a complete circuit. The flow of electricity is controlled by switches, transistors, and other devices.
Grounding is important in electronic devices as it provides a reference point for electrical currents to flow properly and safely. It helps protect against electrical shocks and ensures that components function correctly by providing a stable voltage reference.