A relational schema and dependency diagram can be derived from an entity-relationship diagram (ERD), which illustrates the relationships and dependencies between data entities. Creating an ERD requires understanding how entities interact, including their relationships, tables, keys, and attributes. Examples of resources for learning how to create these diagrams include Wikipedia and various educational websites. The goal of an ERD is to succinctly represent the relational schema and dependencies, often leading to a conversion to third normal form (3NF). Understanding established business rules is essential for accurately depicting the characteristics and relationships within the ERD.