Relative motion of a dropping object on a moving train

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relative motion of a bolt dropping from the ceiling of a train car that accelerates northward at 3.50 m/s². The acceleration of the bolt relative to the train car is 10.4 m/s² at an angle of 19.7° to the south from the vertical, while its acceleration relative to the Earth is 9.8 m/s² vertically downward. The confusion arises from the assumption that the bolt should fall straight down relative to the accelerating train, highlighting the importance of understanding relative motion in non-inertial frames.

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Homework Statement


A bolt drops from the ceiling of a train car that is accelerating northward at a rate of 3.50 m/s2.
(a) What is the acceleration of the bolt relative to the train car?
(b) What is the acceleration of the bolt relative to the Earth?

The Attempt at a Solution


(a)10.4 m/s2 at 19.7° to the south from the vertical
(b)9.8 m/s2 vertically downward


I don't understand why the acceleration in (a) is not vertically downward since it is relative to the train. As we could assume the train is not moving, then the motion should be vertically downward isn't?
 
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The train is accelerating. So the instant the bolt starts to drop you would see it going vertically downward if you were on the train. Now since the train is accelerating the bolt appears to be moving backwards since the train is speeding up but the bolt is not.
 

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