Relative proper times in a compactified universe

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SUMMARY

This discussion centers on the calculation of relative proper times for two observers in a compactified universe modeled as a three-torus of size ##L##. Observer ##A##, who is at rest, experiences a proper time of ##\tau_{A}=\frac{L}{v}##, while observer ##B##, moving at constant velocity ##v##, experiences a proper time of ##\tau_{B}=\frac{L/\gamma}{v}##, where ##\gamma## is the Lorentz factor. The calculations confirm that both observers can have different proper times, which aligns with the principles of Lorentz invariance. The discussion also references related topics such as the cosmological twin paradox.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of special relativity and Lorentz transformations
  • Familiarity with the concept of proper time in physics
  • Knowledge of three-dimensional toroidal geometry
  • Basic grasp of the Lorentz factor, ##\gamma##
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of Lorentz invariance in different inertial frames
  • Explore the cosmological twin paradox and its resolutions
  • Investigate the geometry of compactified spaces in theoretical physics
  • Learn about the mathematical formulation of proper time in relativistic contexts
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, researchers in theoretical physics, and anyone interested in the implications of special relativity in non-traditional geometries.

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Homework Statement



Imagine that space (not spacetime) is actually a finite box, or in more sophisticated terms, a three-torus, of size ##L##. By this we mean that there is a coordinate system ##x^{\mu}=(t,x,y,z)## such that every point with coordinates ##(t,x,y,z)## is identified with every point with coordinates ##(t,x+L,y,z)##, ##(t,x,y+L,z)## and ##(t,x,y,z+L)##. Note that the time coordinate is the same. Now consider two observers; observer ##A## is at rest in this coordinate system (constant spatial coordinates), while observer ##B## moves in the ##x##-direction with constant velocity ##v##. ##A## and ##B## begin at the same event, and while ##A## remains still, ##B## moves once around the universe and comes back to intersect the worldline of ##A## without ever having to accelerate (since the universe is periodic). What are the relative proper times experienced in this interval by ##A## and ##B##? Is this consistent with your understanding of Lorentz invariance?

Homework Equations



The Attempt at a Solution



Observer ##A## is at rest, so the time elapsed for observer ##A## between observer ##B##'s exit and subsequent return is the proper time for observer ##A##, which is given by ##\tau_{A}=\frac{L}{v}##

The proper time for observer ##B## is given by ##\tau_{B}=\frac{L/\gamma}{v}##.

Are my answers correct? I am a little hesitant about my understanding of what the question actually requires (with regards to the relative proper times), since, as far as I know, there is only one proper time connecting two events, and that's the time elapsed in a frame moving at a velocity ##v## such that it intersects the two events. But, in this problem, I found two proper times.:frown:
 
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failexam said:
Observer ##A## is at rest, so the time elapsed for observer ##A## between observer ##B##'s exit and subsequent return is the proper time for observer ##A##, which is given by ##\tau_{A}=\frac{L}{v}##

The proper time for observer ##B## is given by ##\tau_{B}=\frac{L/\gamma}{v}##.

Are my answers correct? I am a little hesitant about my understanding of what the question actually requires (with regards to the relative proper times), since, as far as I know, there is only one proper time connecting two events, and that's the time elapsed in a frame moving at a velocity ##v## such that it intersects the two events. But, in this problem, I found two proper times.:frown:
Yes, your answer for the times of A and B are correct. So, in this universe, are different inertial observers equivalent?

There is a lot of discussion that you can find on this topic. For example, here at the forum you can look at https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/the-cosmological-twin-paradox.51197/ which contains some links to papers on the web.

Also,
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/twin-paradox-in-a-closed-universe.375432/

https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/closed-flat-space-twin-paradox.668559/
 
Last edited:

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