Showing Consistency with Hund's Rules

In summary, the conversation discusses the use of Hund's rules to determine the ground states of the first three elements in the "neon configuration" and how to show consistency with these rules. The attempted solution involves using the energies of each element in their ground states to check for consistency.
  • #1
Children_of_StMU

Homework Statement


Show that the ground states for the first three elements in the “neon configuration” (Z=11 to 18) are consistent with Hunds rules.

Homework Equations


From Hyperphysics, the rules are:
1. The term with maximum multiplicity lies lowest in energy
2. For a given multiplicity, the term with the largest value of L lies lowest in in energy.
3. For atoms with less than half-filled shells, the level with the lowest value of J lies lowest in energy.

(in form 2s+1LJ)

3. The Attempt at a Solution

We know how to use Hund's rules to find the configuration. For the first three elements--Na, Mg, and Al--the configuration is [Ne]2S1/2, [Ne]1S0, and [Ne]2P1/2.

But how do we show consistency? Our best guess is that we find the energies of each element in their ground states and check it with the rules. How do we find energy though? Is it En? And if is, do we use the Bohr formula? Or something else?
 
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  • #2
My attempted solution was right... I'll just leave this up in case anyone else wanted to know.
 

FAQ: Showing Consistency with Hund's Rules

What are Hund's Rules?

Hund's Rules are a set of principles that describe the behavior of electrons in atomic orbitals. They were developed by German physicist Friedrich Hund in the early 20th century.

Why is it important to show consistency with Hund's Rules?

Showing consistency with Hund's Rules is important because it helps us understand the electronic structure of atoms and predict their chemical properties. It also helps us explain the periodic trends observed in the periodic table.

What is the first rule of Hund's Rules?

The first rule of Hund's Rules states that electrons will always occupy empty orbitals before they pair up with another electron in the same orbital. This is known as the Aufbau principle.

What is the second rule of Hund's Rules?

The second rule of Hund's Rules states that when electrons occupy degenerate orbitals (orbitals with the same energy), they will have parallel spins. This is known as the Pauli exclusion principle.

What is the third rule of Hund's Rules?

The third rule of Hund's Rules states that electrons will occupy orbitals of the same energy level individually before pairing up. This is known as the Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity.

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