Simple harmonic motion and static equilibrium

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving a second-order, constant coefficient, homogeneous differential equation related to simple harmonic motion and static equilibrium. The problem involves a spring stretched by a mass, with the equilibrium position defined as zero. The correct initial conditions are x(0) = 0.25 m and x'(0) = 0, leading to the solution x(t) = 0.25 cos(√(k/m) t), which describes the position of the mass over time, specifically after 4.2 seconds.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of simple harmonic motion principles
  • Knowledge of differential equations, specifically second-order linear equations
  • Familiarity with initial value problems in physics
  • Basic concepts of static equilibrium in mechanics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of solutions for second-order linear differential equations
  • Explore the concepts of oscillation frequency and amplitude in simple harmonic motion
  • Learn about the physical interpretation of initial conditions in dynamic systems
  • Investigate the effects of varying mass and spring constant on the motion of a spring-mass system
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Students and educators in physics, particularly those studying mechanics and oscillatory motion, as well as anyone interested in solving differential equations related to physical systems.

oceanwalk
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Homework Statement


In static equilibrium a spring is stretched 0.25 m by a hanging mass. If the system is initially moved up to the unstretched position and released with zero velocity, determine position of the mass (in m) after 4.2s. Take the equilibrium position to be zero and up the positive direction.

Homework Equations



at equilibrium
-kx+mg = 0
m(x double dot (t)) + kx(t) = 0

The Attempt at a Solution

 
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oceanwalk said:

Homework Statement


In static equilibrium a spring is stretched 0.25 m by a hanging mass. If the system is initially moved up to the unstretched position and released with zero velocity, determine position of the mass (in m) after 4.2s. Take the equilibrium position to be zero and up the positive direction.

Homework Equations



at equilibrium
-kx+mg = 0
m(x double dot (t)) + kx(t) = 0
Do you know how to solve a 2nd-order, constant coefficient, homogeneous differential equation?
This is the initial value problem:
x''(t) + (k/m)x(t) = 0, with initial conditios x(0) = 0, x'(0) = 0
 
Mark44 said:
Do you know how to solve a 2nd-order, constant coefficient, homogeneous differential equation?
This is the initial value problem:
x''(t) + (k/m)x(t) = 0, with initial conditios x(0) = 0, x'(0) = 0


Ok, I must not know how to do it correctly because I'm getting it to equal zero for all time.

Solving the equation you gave me:
x(t) = C2 sin(sqrt(a) t) + C1 cos(sqrt(a) t) = 0
using the initial conditions
C2 = 0 , C1 = 0

as such, x(t) = 0 for all time
 
Try it with one change: x(0) = 0.25. This means that we are taking the origin to be the point where the spring is in static equilibrium. Raising it .25 m. and then letting it go means x(0) = .25 and x'(0) = 0.
 

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