The discussion centers on the confusion surrounding the square root of a rational number, specifically why the square root of a rational quantity, m, can be irrational. It highlights that while m is rational, its square root, sqrt(m), can be a quadratic surd, meaning it may not simplify to a rational number. Participants clarify that sqrt(m) being a ratio of rationals does not guarantee it remains rational. The conversation emphasizes the distinction between rational numbers and their square roots, particularly in cases where m is not a perfect square. Ultimately, the discussion underscores the general rule that the square root of a rational number is not always rational.