Stationary Points of U(x,y) | Locate Minima, Maxima & TS

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the stationary points of the potential function U(x,y) = Asin(pi*x/Lx) + Bcos(pi*y/Ly), where A, B, Lx, and Ly are positive constants. Participants analyze the periodicity of U(x,y) in both x and y directions, derive transition state (TS) barriers for atomic diffusion, and propose analytical curves that separate the basins of attraction for adjacent minima. Key findings include the identification of stationary points and the mathematical derivation of TS barriers based on parameters A and B.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of potential energy functions in physics
  • Familiarity with calculus, specifically partial derivatives
  • Knowledge of periodic functions and their properties
  • Basic concepts of atomic diffusion and energy barriers
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of partial derivatives for multivariable functions
  • Learn about the concept of transition states in chemical reactions
  • Explore the mathematical properties of periodic functions
  • Investigate methods for analyzing basins of attraction in dynamical systems
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physicists, chemists, and researchers in materials science who are studying potential energy surfaces, atomic diffusion, and the mathematical modeling of stationary points in multi-dimensional systems.

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U(x,y)=Asin(pi*x/Lx) + Bcos(pi*y/Ly) where A,B,Lx,Ly are positive

1 Locate all the stationary points (i.e. minima, maxima and transition states
(TS)) for this potential.

a. What is the periodicity of U(x,y) along the two directions?

b. Derive the TS barriers that an atom diffusing on the surface would
have to surmount during a “jump” between two minima as a function
of A and B.

c. Using information about the shape of U(x,y), propose possible
analytical curves separating the basin of attraction of adjacent minima.
 
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