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kapil phyreak
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in peliter's effect heat is evolved in a junction of thermocouple by virtue of electric current. But why can't we consider it as a joule's heating effect?
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The thermoelectric effect in Peltier's effect is a phenomenon where a temperature difference between two dissimilar conductors creates an electric current. This effect was discovered by Jean Charles Athanase Peltier in 1834.
In Joule's heating, an electric current flowing through a conductor produces heat. However, in the thermoelectric effect, a temperature gradient across a junction of two different conductors produces an electric current. Therefore, the main difference is that the source of energy in Joule's heating is electricity, while in the thermoelectric effect, it is a temperature difference.
Peltier's effect is more efficient because it directly converts thermal energy into electrical energy without any intermediate steps. In Joule's heating, some energy is lost as heat due to the resistance of the conductor, making it less efficient.
The thermoelectric effect in Peltier's effect is used in various applications, such as thermoelectric generators, refrigeration systems, and temperature sensors. It is also used in electronic devices to provide precise temperature control.
Yes, the thermoelectric effect in Peltier's effect can be reversed, which is known as the Seebeck effect. In this case, an electric current flowing through a junction of two different conductors creates a temperature difference. This effect is the basis for thermocouples, which are widely used to measure temperature differences.