Time Dilation Effects of Travel to Star 10ly Away

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the effects of time dilation and length contraction experienced by an astronaut traveling to a star 10 light-years away at speeds close to the speed of light. It explores the implications of special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR) on the time experienced by the astronaut compared to the time elapsed on Earth during the journey.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant claims that the astronaut will experience a time of 1 year for the journey to the star and 2 years total for the round trip, while questioning the time elapsed on Earth.
  • Another participant suggests that general relativity is not necessary for this analysis and asserts that the time elapsed on Earth will be slightly greater than 20 years, but very close to that value.
  • A later post emphasizes that special relativity can handle accelerated motion and argues against the notion that general relativity is required for this scenario, stating that GR primarily deals with gravity and curved spacetime.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the necessity of general relativity for analyzing the astronaut's journey, with some asserting that special relativity suffices while others believe GR implications must be considered. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the exact time elapsed on Earth.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not resolve the assumptions regarding the effects of acceleration on time dilation and the applicability of special versus general relativity in this context.

virgil1612
Messages
68
Reaction score
9
TL;DR
Astronaut's time versus time measured on Earth.
If an astronaut travels to a 10 ly distant star with a speed very close to light speed, then he will measure a distance to his star much smaller than 10 ly (length contraction) so his time for reaching the star will be smaller than 10 years, let's say 1 year. Then, without delay, he returns back to Earth with the same speed, getting back in 2 years (his time).
When he gets back to Earth, will the time elapsed on Earth be just 20 years (20 ly divided basically by the speed of light), or there are GR implications (presumably because of accelerations), that will produce a different result?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
GR is not required to analyze this scenario. The time will be slightly greater than 20 years back on Earth since the speed is a little lower than "c", but it will be very close to 20 years on earth.
 
virgil1612 said:
Summary:: Astronaut's time versus time measured on Earth.

If an astronaut travels to a 10 ly distant star with a speed very close to light speed, then he will measure a distance to his star much smaller than 10 ly (length contraction) so his time for reaching the star will be smaller than 10 years, let's say 1 year. Then, without delay, he returns back to Earth with the same speed, getting back in 2 years (his time).
When he gets back to Earth, will the time elapsed on Earth be just 20 years (20 ly divided basically by the speed of light), or there are GR implications (presumably because of accelerations), that will produce a different result?

There are a number of places online (and even some textbooks) that say that SR does not cover acceleration and that GR is needed. This is not right. SR can handle accelerated motion. GR describes gravity: i.e. curved spacetime.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: vanhees71
Great, thank you.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 23 ·
Replies
23
Views
3K
  • · Replies 15 ·
Replies
15
Views
2K
  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • · Replies 65 ·
3
Replies
65
Views
12K
  • · Replies 43 ·
2
Replies
43
Views
4K
  • · Replies 15 ·
Replies
15
Views
489
  • · Replies 25 ·
Replies
25
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
4K