To calculate the torque after gear reduction, a motor with 300 FTLBS of torque at 400 rpm and a gear ratio of 36/18 results in a driven gear rpm of 800, which halves the torque to 150 FTLBS. The discussion also highlights a project involving a 16 hp gas engine powering a pump and hydraulic motor for an urban car, aiming for a top speed of 50 mph without accumulators. Key figures include an engine RPM of 2000, rolling resistance of 0.127 per tire, and an acceleration time of about 20 seconds to reach 50 mph. The user seeks assistance with complex calculations related to drawbar and incline grades due to a lack of math background. The project reflects a desire to innovate in urban vehicle design while addressing efficiency challenges.