Trajectory: integrating for position

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the trajectory of a projectile under the influence of gravity, specifically without air resistance. Participants clarify the integration process starting from Newton's second law, where the force of gravity is expressed as -mg = ma. The conversation emphasizes the importance of initial velocity components, particularly when considering angles, and how to integrate these components to find the position functions (x, y) over time. The final trajectory equation derived is y = (vsin(θ)x/cos(θ)) - (1/2)g x²/v²cos²(θ), which is essential for understanding projectile motion.

PREREQUISITES
  • Newton's Second Law of Motion
  • Basic calculus, specifically integration techniques
  • Understanding of projectile motion and initial velocity components
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions (sine and cosine)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of projectile motion equations in a vacuum
  • Learn about the effects of air resistance on projectile trajectories
  • Explore the use of Taylor series for approximating functions in physics
  • Investigate the application of numerical methods for solving differential equations in motion
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and projectile motion, as well as anyone involved in engineering applications requiring trajectory analysis.

  • #31
well, my c = vsin(theta)
 
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  • #32
Oblio said:
well, my c = vsin(theta)

exactly.

vy = -gt + vsin(theta)
y = (-1/2)gt^2 + (vsin(theta))t + D

do, the same type of thing for D using the position equation... at t = 0, y = 0...
 
  • #33
D=0... ?
 
  • #34
technically my equations were right weren't they? I just wasnt solving for t=0 yet.
 
  • #35
Oblio said:
D=0... ?

yes.

vy = -gt + vsin(theta)
y = (-1/2)gt^2 + (vsin(theta))t

now, we could have done this directly... use the equations for displacement with accleretated motion ie:

d = v0*t + (1/2)at^2

but since the question asked to integrate... we did it this way...

can you do the same type of thing in the x direction?

a_x = 0
 
  • #36
It's all necessary with no horizontal forces?
 
  • #37
0 = ma

C=v(x)
v(x) =vcos(theta), C=Vcos(theta)

y=v(x)t +D
y=D

at t=0, D=0 also.
 
  • #38
Oblio said:
0 = ma

C=v(x)
v(x) =vcos(theta), C=Vcos(theta)

y=v(x)t +D
y=D

at t=0, D=0 also.

Yes, so:

x = vcos(theta)t
y = vsin(theta)t - (1/2)gt^2

you can eliminate t from these two equations now.
 
  • #39
algebraically or through another situation such as (t=0) (not that one I realize though)
 
  • #40
Oblio said:
algebraically or through another situation such as (t=0) (not that one I realize though)

algebraically.
 
  • #41
set them equal?
 
  • #42
nope. lol
 
  • #43
Oblio said:
nope. lol

solve for t in one... substitute that into the other.
 
  • #44
ok, it asks for the trajectory as a function of x so:

y=vsin(theta)x/cos(theta) - (1/2)g x^2/v^2cos(theta)^2
 
  • #45
Oblio said:
ok, it asks for the trajectory as a function of x so:

y=vsin(theta)x/cos(theta) - (1/2)g x^2/v^2cos(theta)^2

there should be vcos(theta) in the denominator in the first term.
 
  • #46
I think that's right according to what I'm supposed to be comparing it too...
 
  • #47
learningphysics said:
there should be vcos(theta) in the denominator in the first term.

sorry.
had that in ink ( i promise!)
 
  • #48
Oblio said:
sorry.
had that in ink ( i promise!)

lol! I believe you. So the v's will cancel in that first term. you get xtan(theta)
 
  • #49
Yup!
 
  • #50
So now you have to get the path again, but this time with air resistance?
 
  • #51
I actually did that FIRST, thinking I was doing part a, but I actually did b.

I think this question is basically done, I can show you my other section maybe?
They do basically match.
 
  • #52
Oblio said:
I actually did that FIRST, thinking I was doing part a, but I actually did b.

I think this question is basically done, I can show you my other section maybe?
They do basically match.

Sure... go ahead and show it.
 
  • #53
y= (v_{yo} + v_{ter}x) / v_{xo} + v_{ter}\tau ln (1 - x / v_{xo}\tau)

I'll skip a simplification step unless its needed: Used taylor's series which allowed cancellations.

y=v_{yo}x / v_{xo} - x^2v_{ter}\tau / 2v_{xo}^{2}\tau^{2}
 
  • #54
as usual subscripts are superscripts...
 
  • #55
Oblio said:
y= (v_{yo} + v_{ter}x) / v_{xo} + v_{ter}\tau ln (1 - x / v_{xo}\tau)

I'll skip a simplification step unless its needed: Used taylor's series which allowed cancellations.

y=v_{yo}x / v_{xo} - x^2v_{ter}\tau / 2v_{xo}^{2}\tau^{2}

Not sure if that's right or not... what is \tau ? I don't know the answer... if you want I can try to work it out to see if I get the same thing...
 

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