Understanding FFT Results and the Importance of Replacing f0 in DFT Calculation

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I got some data which is in equal time stamps. When I do the Fast Fourier Transform for the data using MATLAB I get the graph below. Now I understand how to do the fast Fourier transform but I have no idea what information the FFT graph gives.


I am confused as to what the peak at 1 represents and what else I can gather from the FFT?
 

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I would be so grateful if you could help me with
numerical Fourier of bessel function using FFT (with c if possible )or just the idea
also why we should replaced f0 by 1/2(f0 +fn) before calculatin DFT
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...

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