Understanding ##SO(2)## as Isotropy Group for ##x \in R^3##

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the understanding of the special orthogonal group ##SO(2)## as the isotropy group for a point ##x## in ##R^3##. Participants explore the implications of group actions, particularly in the context of rotations and fixed points.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the definition of the isotropy group, stating that ##SO(2)## represents rotations in a plane and thus does not fix ##x## unless it is the axis of rotation.
  • Another participant suggests that ##x## could be interpreted as the line or vector connecting the origin to the point ##x##.
  • A third participant reiterates the initial confusion about the isotropy group and emphasizes the need for a defined group action to identify the subgroup that fixes a given element.
  • A later reply clarifies that if considering the action of ##SO(3)## on ##R^3##, any rotation indeed fixes its axis of rotation, and the subgroup of rotations around a given axis is isomorphic to ##SO(2)##.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing interpretations of the isotropy group and its relation to rotations, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing views.

Contextual Notes

There is a lack of clarity regarding the definitions and assumptions related to the group action and the nature of the point ##x## in ##R^3##, which may affect the understanding of the isotropy group.

Silviu
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Hello! I am not sure I understand why ##SO(2)## is the isotropy group for ##x \in R^3##. If I understood it well, the isotropy group contains all the elements such that ##gx=x##. But this is not the case for ##SO(2)## as this group represents rotations in a plane, so unless x is the axis of rotation, x will be changed. What am I getting wrong here? Thank you!
 
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I am not sure of your context, but one interpretation is that ##x## represents the line (or vector) that connects the origin to ##x## considered as a point.
 
Silviu said:
Hello! I am not sure I understand why ##SO(2)## is the isotropy group for ##x \in R^3##. If I understood it well, the isotropy group contains all the elements such that ##gx=x##. But this is not the case for ##SO(2)## as this group represents rotations in a plane, so unless x is the axis of rotation, x will be changed. What am I getting wrong here? Thank you!
If I understand your question correctly, you must first have a group action defined, after which you determine the subgroup that fixes a given element.
 
If you mean the action of ##SO(3)## on ##R^3## by rotations then any rotation fixes its axis of rotation. The subgroup of rotations with a given axis is isomorphic to ##SO(2)##
 

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