To become a mathematician, one typically needs to choose between two branches: applied mathematics and pure mathematics. Essential courses for both paths include calculus, real analysis, linear algebra, and differential equations. Pure mathematics often requires advanced topics such as abstract algebra, proof-based linear algebra, and electives in differential geometry and topology. In contrast, applied mathematics focuses on analysis, numerical analysis, and practical applications of mathematics. It's important to consult university degree programs for specific course requirements, as applied math programs may not include advanced topics like differential geometry or topology. The transition to upper-division pure math courses can be significantly different from earlier studies, often emphasizing theoretical concepts over practical applications.