What Does This Notation Mean in Conditional Probability?

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Homework Statement


Could anybody please explain this notation? The only thing I undersand here is the limit. Is r a superscript? If not, what is it? And what does E(variable|condition/equation) mean?

I know that in the set theory, | means a separator between the variable and condition (ex: S = {x | f(x) = 5}, but what does it mean in this case?


Homework Equations


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The Attempt at a Solution


Googling.
 
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It's dealing with conditional probability; in this case, looking for the conditional expectation of X.
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...
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