What is Light? Is it a EM wave or a stream of photons? Is there any theory which can explain all the phenomena of light?
P.S.: Another question, What makes glass transparent?
Yes. We at Model of Reality,
www.ModelOfReality.org, finally have a reality-based theory for light. In this new theory, the emitters of light (mostly electrons) are modeled as tiny micropulsars (charges that turn ON and OFF very rapidly) so that light is emitted as a choppy WAVE.
Finally, we have a theory that explains both the wave and particle nature of light. The "photon" in Einstein's photoelectric effect is actually explained by the electron's pulsation frequency reaching a
forward non-acceleration resonance with the incident light wave. Once the electron's pulsation frequency reaches that of the incident light wave, the electron's forward acceleration is essentially over. The light then cannot transfer any more energy to the electron, fooling physicists (and you thought Einstein was SO smart) into thinking that light traveled as particles.
The lower frequencied "photons" in Compton's xray scattering are explained by a simple Doppler shift as the electrons retransmit the xrays while receding from the observer. It is amazing that no one has noticed before that the ejected electron velocities in Compton's experiment were exactly the velocities needed to Doppler shift and obtain the lowered frequencies seen in the experiment. (See A. Bless's "Recoil Electrons From Aluminum",
Physics Rev, Dec 1927 p.871. See also
www.modelofreality.org/Sect5_2.html ).
The "photons" in the Bremstrahlung xray frequency cutoff experiments are explained using Nyquist's point of view. Electrons pulsating at a certain frequency
v cannot emit radiation with a frequency of more than
v/2. The easiest way to understand this is from recording digital audio. The sampling frequency for digital audio is 44 kHz. This 44 kHz sampling frequency is used so it possible to record the audible frequencies from 0-22 kHz. (see the literature on the Nyquist frequency. See also
www.modelofreality.org/Sect5_3.html ). Thus, when an electron that is pulsating at a certain frequency
v strikes an aluminum plate, this electron can emit all frequencies up to the the limiting frequency
v/2.
The usual explanation for the xray Bremsstralung cutoff frequency is that
all the electron's K.E. is completely converted into a high frequency xray "photon". This seems unlikely because this limiting frequency is emitted in all directions, making conservation of momentum impossible, especially for "photons" emitted at 90 degrees with all the kinetic energy. (Why hasn't anyone noticed this discrepancy before?) With the our pulsating model, the limiting frequency would be emitted
all directions, thus avoiding the 90 degree momentum paradox.
The wave nature of light is just as one would expect,
except for that the light transmitted from a single electron would be choppy, and Coulomb's and Maxwell's relations then would then only be true for macroscopic averages.
Want more? We have given a
reality-based explanation for essentially all key "photon" phenomena. We have also proposed
Photon Killer Experiments to prove this theory. (Put up or shut up, isn't that what they say?) See
www.ModelOfReality.org for more info.
What makes glass transparent?
Now that a model of reality exists, this question is much easier to answer! We are taking light to be a
wave, not a particle. We also have shown that planetary atoms are possible to imagine with pulsating particles! (See
www.ModelOfReality.org/Sect6_1.html). Thus, transparency is explained by simple resonance conditions. If the glass does NOT contain atoms that have orbital frequencies that match that of the light, then the atoms in the glass will NOT resonate and rebroadcast the light with phase shifts that tend to cancel the proceeding wavefront. However, take GREEN glass, for example. This glass has atoms that have electrons that orbit with RED and BLUE frequencies, but not GREEN frequencies. Thus, the RED and BLUE wavefronts are canceled by the phase-shifted rebroadcast of these frequencies. The GREEN light passes through because there are no atomic electrons near this orbital frequency.
This may be easier to understand if one thinks about how ceilings and walls are transparent to cell phone transmissions. Cell phone usually transmit at say 800 mHz. Obviously, one would not expect there to be 800 mHz atomic frequencies in bricks and sheetrock. Therefore, cell phone transmissions go right through bricks and sheetrock just like light travels through glass.
However, metals are different. Metals have free electrons. Both light AND cell phones cannot penetrate metal, because the free electrons in metal can vibrate with just about any frequency of light/EM emission, and these vibrations would have the necessary phase shifts to cancel most wavefronts that tried to travel through it.
Andrew Gray
Any comments would be appreciated:
andrewgray AT modelofreality.org[/color]
