What is the angular velocity of an electron around the nucleus

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The angular velocity of an electron around the nucleus varies based on the nucleus's charge and the electron's distance from it. For outer electrons in heavy elements like gold, velocities can reach around 50% of the speed of light. Relativistic effects become significant at these high speeds, necessitating their inclusion in calculations. It's important to note that, according to quantum mechanics, electrons do not behave like classical spinning charges. Understanding these nuances is crucial for accurate interpretations of electron behavior.
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Can somebody tell me what is the angular velocity of an electron (more or less) around the nucleus. (it doesn't matter whether it's one in the most inner shell or the most outter, I just need an average value)

thanks
 
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That depends on the charge of the nucleus as well as the distance from the electron to the nucleus. Some of the highest velosities known are for outer electrons of gold: they can travel at significant (~50%) fractions of the speed of light. Side note: at such speeds it becomes important to include relativistic effects when calculating the properties of such electrons.

Of course electrons are not really spinning charges arround another charge as far as QM is conserned, so you should view claims like the one above with some caution... :smile:
 
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