Why is air in atmospheric pressure and room temperature a gas?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the nature of air as a gas under atmospheric pressure and room temperature, specifically exploring why air can be approximated as an ideal gas in these conditions. The scope includes thermodynamics and the behavior of gases in relation to critical temperature and pressure.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes the critical temperature and pressure for a pure substance and discusses the implications for phase changes, questioning if air can be treated as an ideal gas under normal conditions.
  • Another participant seeks clarification on whether the inquiry is about why air is a gas or why it can be approximated as an ideal gas at room conditions.
  • A participant mentions the compressibility factor and its relevance, suggesting that the compressibility factor for air at room conditions is close to 1.0, which may support the ideal gas approximation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants appear to agree on the relevance of the compressibility factor in discussing the ideal gas approximation, but the discussion remains unresolved regarding the initial participant's understanding and intuition about air's behavior under specified conditions.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not resolve the assumptions regarding the ideal gas law applicability or the specific conditions under which air behaves as an ideal gas, leaving these aspects open for further exploration.

Carbon273
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This seems like a simple thermodynamics question but I would like clarification. So the absolute critical temperature is 132.5 K (-221.17 F) and the absolute critical pressure is 3.77Mpa (546.7 psi). I understand that for temperatures above the critical point, a pure substance undergoes an illusionary single phase process. The critical point is denoted as the change from a saturated liquid to a saturated vapor state at a single state under a high temperature and high pressure for a particular fluid. I understand this change is indiscernible since it a happens at a single state. Upon learning this, I brainstormed on whether air on normal conditions is treated as an ideal gas since the atm pressure is significantly lower than the critical pressure and the room temperature is significantly higher than the critical temperature. My confusions stems if this is the right intuition or not. Am I proceeding with the correct though process?
 
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Are you asking why it is a gas or why it can be approximated at room conditions as an ideal gas?
 
Chestermiller said:
Are you asking why it is a gas or why it can be approximated at room conditions as an ideal gas?

I am asking why it can be approximated this way. I did some research and I am wondering if the compressibility factor plays a role if you normalized the properties?
 
Carbon273 said:
I am asking why it can be approximated this way. I did some research and I am wondering if the compressibility factor plays a role if you normalized the properties?
Sure. From a correspond states plot of the z compressibility factor, the compressibility factor for air at room conditions is very close to 1.0
 

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