Why is the acceleration not equal to mg sin(theta) in pure rolling motion?

In summary, the answer for the cylinder's acceleration is mgsintheta/3, calculated using the equations of force and torque. However, since the cylinder is in pure rolling, the friction force should only oppose mgsintheta to maintain a constant velocity. This is because the cylinder is both accelerating and rotating, resulting in a lower velocity compared to a non-friction sliding block and a lower friction force compared to a block held in place.
  • #1
Prabs3257
65
4
Homework Statement
A uniform solid cylinder of mass M rolls without sliding down an incline plane of inclination theeta the frictional force acting on the cylinder is
Relevant Equations
General eqns
I know the ans comes out to be mgsintheeta/3 by using f=ma and the torque eqn but my question is as stated in the question the cylinder is in pure rolling hence friction should only try to oppose mgsintheeta so that the accelration does not change hence v remains equal to rw so why is the ans not mg sintheeta
 
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  • #2
Compare the case of the cylinder rolling with friction, and the case of a non-rotating block sliding with no friction, and the third case of a block sitting on the incline with friction holding it in place.

The two block cases will have easy to calculate answers. The non-friction sliding block comes down with an acceleration of sin theta. The non-sliding block has a frictional force of sin theta.

Now the cylinder is somewhere between these two. It's rolling so it is accelerating. But some of the force is going into turning it, and some into making its center of mass move. So, as it rolls down it will not move as fast as a non-frictional block. And since it is giving away to the friction by rolling, the force of friction won't be as high as the case of the block held in place.
 
  • #3
Ohhh now i get it thanks man 😊
 

1. What is friction in rolling motion?

Friction in rolling motion is the force that resists the motion of a rolling object due to the contact between its surface and the surface it is rolling on.

2. How does friction affect rolling motion?

Friction reduces the speed and efficiency of rolling motion by converting some of the kinetic energy of the rolling object into heat energy. It also causes the rolling object to experience a drag force.

3. Can friction be eliminated in rolling motion?

No, it is impossible to completely eliminate friction in rolling motion. However, it can be reduced by using smoother and harder surfaces, lubricants, and reducing the weight of the rolling object.

4. How does the coefficient of friction affect rolling motion?

The coefficient of friction is a measure of how much friction there is between two surfaces. It affects rolling motion by determining the amount of force needed to initiate and maintain the rolling motion, as well as the amount of energy lost to friction.

5. What are some real-life examples of friction in rolling motion?

Some common examples of friction in rolling motion include a car's tires rolling on the road, a ball rolling on the ground, and a bicycle wheel rolling on the pavement. In all of these cases, the rolling motion is slowed down by friction.

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