How Do You Calculate the Motion and Velocity of a Falling Object with Drag?

AI Thread Summary
The discussion focuses on calculating the motion and velocity of a falling object subjected to gravity and drag. The equation of motion is derived from the forces acting on the mass, where the drag force is opposite to the direction of velocity. It is clarified that the correct formulation should express the total acceleration as m(dv/dt) = mg - mkv, indicating that drag opposes the motion. The need to express the velocity as a function of time using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is emphasized. The participants seek clarity on the marking criteria for their calculations, particularly in deriving the limiting velocity over time.
keelejody
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i have a question but no mark scheme so i can't see where I am going wrong. a mass, m, is dropped with speed zero from point O at time t=0 after time t it has traveled x. the body is subject to acceleration due to gravity and drag -mkv.

(A) write the equation of motion:

ok so i know v=dx/dt

and I've said f=m(dv/dt)

so f=m(dv/dt)=-mg-mkv? because theyre opposite

I can't think what else to write, since this is 5 marks... unless i need sort this in terms of ODE's where g and k are constants?

(B) calculate velocity as a function of time, and the limiting velocity at very large time.

so i need v(t)? from v=dx/dt and this is where i use ODE's and work out V.

again i can't see where the marks come from this is worth 8.
 
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keelejody said:
i have a question but no mark scheme so i can't see where I am going wrong. a mass, m, is dropped with speed zero from point O at time t=0 after time t it has traveled x. the body is subject to acceleration due to gravity and drag -mkv.

(A) write the equation of motion:

ok so i know v=dx/dt

and I've said f=m(dv/dt)

so f=m(dv/dt)=-mg-mkv? because theyre opposite

I can't think what else to write, since this is 5 marks... unless i need sort this in terms of ODE's where g and k are constants?

(B) calculate velocity as a function of time, and the limiting velocity at very large time.

so i need v(t)? from v=dx/dt and this is where i use ODE's and work out V.

again i can't see where the marks come from this is worth 8.

The accelerating force and the drag force are in opposite directions, so they should have opposite signs.
 


If you can write an expression for the total acceleration, you'll be away to the races.
 


keelejody said:
so f=m(dv/dt)=-mg-mkv? because theyre opposite

drag is opposite to velocity. velocity is in direction of g. Right. hence you cannot write m(dv/dt)=-mg-mkv. also dv/dt is +ve, this means
m(dv/dt)= mg - mkv
 
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