What is Atom: Definition and 999 Discussions

The name Atom applies to a pair of related Web standards. The Atom Syndication Format is an XML language used for web feeds, while the Atom Publishing Protocol (AtomPub or APP) is a simple HTTP-based protocol for creating and updating web resources.Web feeds allow software programs to check for updates published on a website. To provide a web feed, the site owner may use specialized software (such as a content management system) that publishes a list (or "feed") of recent articles or content in a standardized, machine-readable format. The feed can then be downloaded by programs that use it, like websites that syndicate content from the feed, or by feed reader programs that allow internet users to subscribe to feeds and view their content.
A feed contains entries, which may be headlines, full-text articles, excerpts, summaries or links to content on a website along with various metadata.
The Atom format was developed as an alternative to RSS. Ben Trott, an advocate of the new format that became Atom, believed that RSS had limitations and flaws—such as lack of on-going innovation and its necessity to remain backward compatible—and that there were advantages to a fresh design.Proponents of the new format formed the IETF Atom Publishing Format and Protocol Workgroup. The Atom Syndication Format was published as an IETF proposed standard in RFC 4287 (December 2005), and the Atom Publishing Protocol was published as RFC 5023 (October 2007).

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  1. G

    Recoil of a hydrogen atom emitting Lyman alpha photon

    I am interested in what the recoil velocity of an initially stationary hydrogen atom in free space would be when it emits a Lyman alpha photon. I tried to do the calc and got about 3 metres per second which seems rather high.
  2. Ryan Reed

    Does the Spin of an Atom's Electrons Affect its Orbital Configuration?

    In the stern-gerlach experiment, silver atoms with a +1/2 would be deflected up, and atoms with a -1/2 spin would be deflected down. With that in mind, would electrons' orbitals within an atom be affected by its spin?
  3. Ankhen

    B Atomic Structure: Does an Atom Have Matter and Charge?

    Simpel question: does an atom consists of matter and charge? Yes/no?? If no Then what?
  4. E

    Proton Velocity After Atom Release: An Overview

    Is there a standard velocity for a proton when and if it is released from an atom?
  5. J

    How are the quarks in a proton or neutron held together?

    I've been trying to find a source for this somewhere, but I always end up with different sources explaining what holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom. I know that the gluons hold them together, but I'm not sure exactly how they do this, and what type of transfers occur...
  6. Ryan Reed

    Does a Completed Electron Orbital Differ?

    In an atom of something like oxygen with a completed 2p orbital, do the paired electrons within the orbital behave differently than the same 2p orbital that is uncompleted? Bear with me and try to understand this question as I am a little fuzzy on the subject and I don't know how else to ask...
  7. P

    Figuring out the magnitude of electric repulsion

    Homework Statement [/B] In a certain organic molecule, the nuclei of 2 carbon atoms are separated by a distance of .20nm, What is the magnitude of the electric repulsion between them? Now, I know the distance between them, but it has to be converted into meters: .20nm = .20 X 10 ^-9m And...
  8. Molar

    De Broglie wavelength of an atom

    In my book it is says, DeBroglie wavelength of a particle at temp T is, λ = h/√(2mKT) and DeBroglie wavelength of He atom is, λ = h/√(3mKT) Well, λ = h/ mv and mv2/2 = (3/2) KT and so , λ = h/√(3mKT) How to prove the first one..?? and why they are different...??
  9. Tonia

    Could another atom be used as the standard for amu?

    The atom that is used as the standard for the atomic mass scale is the Carbon atom with an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12 and this carbon atom is equal to 12 unified atomic mass units. Could another atom be used as the standard, and if so, how would this be accomplished??
  10. Ryan Reed

    Do Protons and Neutrons Move around in the Nucleus?

    Protons and Neutrons vibrate in place, but do they change positions within the nucleus? Let's say that there's a helium atom which has two protons and two neutrons. If the particles were set up on the corners of a square for easy representation with a neutron on the top left and top right, and a...
  11. D

    Mass defect of hydrogen atom

    What's the mass difference between a hydrogen atom and it's constituent particles when they are free, I'm talking about the proton and the electron, not the quarks that make up the proton.
  12. Ryan Reed

    Different Ways of Trapping A Single Atom?

    What are the different ways that have been used to keep a single atom in a specific location?
  13. P

    Can a beam of photons accelerate an atom or object?

    Not quite sure how to ask this, but here goes: I think I understand how a photon impacting an atom can increase the energy level of an electron in the atom. When I read about "light pressure", I thought, is there a way for, say, a stream of photons to accelerate an atom by continually impacting...
  14. Julian Blair

    Measuring Rabi Oscillations in a Two State Atom

    Can someone give me a simple explanation of how to measure the Rabi probability oscillations in a two state atom?
  15. U

    What is the nuclear spin of this atom?

    Homework Statement A singly ionized atom exhibits hyperfine structure in a ##^3P_1 \rightarrow ^3S_1## transition. Assuming ##I## is greater than ##J## and given that the ##^3S_1## levels are split by ##66~GHz## and ##54~GHz##, find the nuclear spin ##I##. Homework Equations E_{HFS} =...
  16. ChrisVer

    Dirac Hydrogen Atom: Parity and Odd-Operator

    Hey I was reading through a text and came across: I can understand the second statement from the Pauli matrices... However I think that I don't understand the 1st statement as it is... why would the diagonal elements of an odd-operator be zero if parity is definite?
  17. F

    Energy of the electron in a random hydrogen atom

    Does the energy of the electron in a random hydrogen atom is in superposition of all eigenvalues(some value upon measurement) or you will find it most likely in the ground state. Additional clarification: From my reading the textbooks said the electron energy is in superposition, yet the...
  18. Tonia

    Atomic Clock Problem: Calculate Nanoseconds Difference

    Homework Statement An atomic clock moves at 1,000 km/h for 1.00 h as measured by an identical clock on the Earth. At the end of the 1.00 h interval, how many nanseconds slow will the moving clock be compared with the Earth clock? Homework Equations (1/ sqr rt 1 - v^2/c^2) The Attempt at a...
  19. J

    Electrostatic Force Between Proton and Neutron?

    After calculating the force upon an electron and a force upon a proton in the atom of hydrogen, my result was a force of ≈8.2x10-8 Newtons acting upon the electron and proton each. If found this by using the formula Fe = (ke q1q2)/r2 Taking this number, I then applied it in the formula F = ma...
  20. Naeem Anwar

    Production of Pure QED Atom

    Studying the production of the bound state of ##μ^+μ^- ## in the scattering experiments of ##e^+e^-## at electron positron colliders ##e^+e^-\toμ^+μ^- ## via ##e^+e^-\to 2γ\toμ^+μ^- ##. This bound state further can decay into ##e^+e^-## or ##2γ##. I am confused about the vertex ## 2γ\toμ^+μ^-...
  21. P

    Electron's emission in Sn atom

    Good morning everybody, here's a problem about excitations energy of the core level of a Sn atom. It says to construct the scheme of the core levels of Sn indicating the excitations energies. Now the K edge (the problem doesn't say we are necessarily talking about X-rays, but I think we are...
  22. thankz

    Is it possible to get just one photon from just one atom?

    when I say one atom, I mean literally just one atom isolated and if so how would you measure it?
  23. gracy

    Types of Hydrogen Atom: 4 Variants Explained

    Just look at the first point.It says the given compound has four types of hydrogen atom.How?I can only see three types of hydrogen atom primary,secondary and tertiary which is the fourth type?Please give me a hint.
  24. S

    Why is the fluorine atom a poor hydrogen bond acceptor?

    My notes states that fluorine is too highly electronegative and hence clings on too tightly to its lone pair of electrons and so it cannot accept hydrogen bonds as well. However, it also stated that a hydrogen bond will be stronger if the electron density on the electron rich atom the stronger...
  25. S

    Hydrogen atom stripped of an electron

    What happens if a hydrogen molecule is stripped of an electron? Will it become 2H+ or will it become H and H+?
  26. gracy

    Ionization ENERGY -Why removal of electron from gaseous atom

    Why ionization energy is defined as the energy required to remove the outermost, or highest energy, electron from a neutral atom in the gas phase. Why can't we remove electrons from a solid,can we? If not ,what's the reason?I think we can not remove electrons from a solid because in gas phase...
  27. N

    Absorption and Re-emission of light in an atom

    Please explain me 1. How Absorption and Re-emission happens in an atom 2. A common explanation that has been provided is that a photon moving through the material still moves at the speed of c, but when it encounters the atom of the material, it is absorbed by the atom via an atomic transition...
  28. CAH

    Neutral isotopes of atom, state possible value for A & Z?

    A neutral atom of radium isotope may be represented by: 228 Ra (88 proton number, 228 nucleon number). 88...
  29. A

    Ground state energy for hydrogen-like “atom”

    Homework Statement For a hydrogen-like “atom” (e.g., He+ ion), with nuclear charge Ze, it is claimed that the the ground-state wavefunction is spherically symmetric and is given by ψ(r)=Aexp(−αr) , where A and α are constant. (a) Determine the normalization constant A in terms of α. (b)...
  30. eis3nheim

    What is the best referece book to study atomic structure?

    what is the best referece book to study atomic structure and electronic structure of atoms ?
  31. diracdelta

    Least squares method for cloud of atom

    Homework Statement After turnig of magnetic-optic pit, cold cloud of atom 87 Rb is expanding. Size of cloud after time t, is given with relation: where, k_B is Boltzman constant, m mass of 87 Rb. Draw a plot, then use least squares method to find temperature T, and initial size of cloud...
  32. R

    Basis Atom of Superconductor

    Hi everyone, I'm trying to simulated the XRD pattern of Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10, but I'm having a problem of finding the basis of atom(and their respective position). Also its JCPDS is quite hard to find, so if anyone working with this, may you provide a link or articles about my problem. Thanks...
  33. B

    Variational method For Helium Atom

    When using the variational method for the Helium atom, we determine that the lowest possible energy occurs when 1<z<2 where z is the atomic number. My professor elaborated that the number is within this range because there is a probability that the electron may be so close to one of the protons...
  34. L

    Is there a 100% chance of a photon hitting an atom when they interact?

    When you hit a hydrogen atom with a photon, would it always register a hit 100% of the time? so do you have to compute for probability if it would hit it? I'd like to know if it is the photon wave function that interacts with the electron wave function so there should always be a hit all the...
  35. Davephaelon

    DeBroglie wavelength of Proton in H atom

    How would one calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the proton in the hydrogen atom as the electron and proton pirouette around their common center of mass, for the lowest orbital? I believe the center-of-mass of the system would actually be inside the proton due to the great differential in...
  36. AdityaDev

    Diamagnetism and orbital magnetic moment

    For diamagnetic materials, when an external magnetic field is applied, the electrons having orbital magnetic moment in opposite directions spped up. how does this happen? The direction of magnetic momwnt is given by right hand thum rule. If there is an electron revolving in anticlockwise...
  37. Julian Blair

    Creating superimposed states in an Hydrogen Atom

    I've been following the EdX course on Quantum Computing by Prof. Vazirani and I don't understand how one physically can create a superimposed state of the ground and 1st excited state of an hydrogen atom. He mentions "the use of light," but doesn't explain the frequency of the light, nor the...
  38. H

    Why Do Electrons Further Away from the Nucleus Have More Energy?

    Why do electrons further away from the nucleus have more energy? When my book mentions energy in different orbitals, is it talking about potential energy? If it is, I'm confused because potential energy is inversely related to distance, so if distance increases, the potential energy decreases.
  39. S

    What does it mean for energy absorbed and released for atom?

    I was wondering, in the context of electron excitation and electron affinity, what it meant when we say that the electron absorbed energy or released energy. I think for electron excitation, the photon's energy, which is in the form of work= force time distance from the photon particle is...
  40. Evanish

    Can an Alpha Particle Fuse with a Hydrogen Atom?

    I was wondering if alpha particles created by radioactive decay ever have enough energy to fuse with something else (e.g. hydrogen or another alpha particle).
  41. S

    On the huge hypothetical atom

    Right, on the huge hypothetical atom I asked about before; what I'm really after is how the electric field from a point charge is quantized at a macroscopic distance of several centimeters? Let's say that you charge a metal electrode with C Coulombs of negative charge and then use that electric...
  42. F

    Minimum momentum of electron in a hydrogen atom

    Homework Statement The energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom is: E = p^2/2m_e - \alpha e^2/r; where p is the momentum, m_e is the electron charge magnitude, and \alpha the coulomb constant. Use the uncertainty principle to estimate the minimum momentum in terms of m_e, a, e, \hbar...
  43. A

    Pair production inside the atom?

    Why there is no electron-positron production inside the, let say, Hydrogen atom?. I know that the electric field near nucleus get modified by some form factors making it not as big as the Coulomb field, but still i think is still very big.
  44. B

    Neon Atom Speed Ratio at Different Temperatures

    Homework Statement What is the ratio of the average speed of an atom of neon to another atom of neon at twice the temperature? (A) 1:1 (B) 1:1.4 (C) 1:2 (D) 1:4 Homework Equations KE = 3/2RT The Attempt at a Solution I used the above equation and substituted 2 for T for twice the temperature...
  45. L

    Software for simulating atom interaction

    I´m looking for a software that would allow me to test atom interaction acurretly in 3D, with public variables (i.e. customizable parameters) like the pressure and the temperature. I´m looking for something that takes into account S, P, D orbits with their real shape and the real numbers of...
  46. D

    Rutherford's atom experiment problem

    Homework Statement In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered the nucleus of the atom by observing the scattering of helium nuclei from gold nuclei. If a helium nucleus with a mass of 6.68 10^-27 kg, a charge of +2e, and an initial velocity of 1.30 10^7 m/s is projected head-on toward a gold...
  47. naima

    Light and atom interaction hamiltonian

    I found this in a Phd thesis consider a two level atom interacting with the electromagnetic field. The atom is described by ##H_{at} = \hbar ω_0 J_z## a monomode electric field is described by ##H_{em} = \hbar \omega (a^\dagger a + 1/2)## We have ##E = E_0(a^\dagger + a)## and the dipolar...
  48. schrodingerscat11

    What does a magnetic moment of an atom mean?

    I am using VASP and it recommended to use the experimental magnetic moment for MAGMOM tag. The problem is I can't find a standard table of magnetic moments. I see different values from different sources. E.g In Web Elements, the magnetic moment of Fe is 0.096 μ/μN. But in another source, it is...
  49. N

    The time average potential of neutral hydrogen atom

    Homework Statement [/B] The time-averaged potential of a neutral hydrogen atom is given by where q is the magnitude of the electronic charge, and being the Bohr radius. Find the distribution of charge( both continuous and discrete) that will give this potential and interpret your result...
  50. Coffee_

    Visualizing legendre polynomials in the hydrogen atom.

    1. The way we solved this problem was proposing that the wave function has to form of ##\Psi=\Theta\Phi R## where the three latter variables represent the anlge and radius function which are independent. The legendre polynomials were the solution to the ##\Theta## part. I am having some trouble...
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