What is Distributed: Definition and 225 Discussions

Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems. A distributed system is a system whose components are located on different networked computers, which communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages to one another from any system. The components interact with one another in order to achieve a common goal. Three significant characteristics of distributed systems are: concurrency of components, lack of a global clock, and independent failure of components. Examples of distributed systems vary from SOA-based systems to massively multiplayer online games to peer-to-peer applications.
A computer program that runs within a distributed system is called a distributed program (and distributed programming is the process of writing such programs). There are many different types of implementations for the message passing mechanism, including pure HTTP, RPC-like connectors and message queues.Distributed computing also refers to the use of distributed systems to solve computational problems. In distributed computing, a problem is divided into many tasks, each of which is solved by one or more computers, which communicate with each other via message passing.

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  1. newjerseyrunner

    B How are neutrinos distributed in the universe?

    @mfb mentioned in a thread about dark matter how neutrinos don't conglomerate in galaxies and it got me wondering where they are. Considering that they move at nearly the speed of light, I understand why they couldn't be captured by galaxies, but what about large scale structures? Do neutrinos...
  2. F

    Location of moment of distributed load

    Homework Statement why the center of moment due to distributed load 1.11x is located x /3 from the 15kN , shouldn't it be located 2x / 3 from the 15kN end ? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution is the author wrong ? [/B]
  3. ChrisVer

    A Mean volume of sphere (normal distributed radius)

    I read in http://www-library.desy.de/preparch/books/vstatmp_engl.pdf page 29 (43 for pdf) that the mean volume is: <V> = \int_{-\infty}^\infty dr V(r) N(r| r_0,s) I have two questions. Q1: why do they take the radius to be from -infinity to +infinity and not from 0 to infinity? Q2: is there an...
  4. ChrisVer

    I Fit a Poisson on Gaussian distributed data

    Hi, I have a simple/fast question... Can you reliably use a Poisson function to fit on data that seem to be Gaussian distributed (although that is due to the large number of the mean)?
  5. O

    Pure rotation under a point force and a distributed friction

    Hi guys, I was wondering if it is possible to have a pure planar rotation of a rectangular-prism shaped rigid body on a planar surface when it is subjected to a planar point force at the tip. Is there any range for the point force such that it can not break the static friction force (so no...
  6. R

    A Radially distributed Cartesian coordinates

    Ok, so randomizing three random variables, X, Y and Z, each from a standard normal distribution, then plotting these in an ordinary cartesian coordinate system gets me a spherically symmetric cloud of points. Now I want to create this cloud having the same probability distribution but by using...
  7. NihalRi

    Number of ways that seven toys can be distributed

    Homework Statement Find the number of ways in which seven different toys can be given to three children, if the youngest vis to receive three and the others two. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution 7 combination 3 × 4 combination 2 × 2 combination 2 = 210 Is this the correct way of...
  8. F

    Calculate the charge of a density distributed along z axis?

    Homework Statement How do I find the total charge from a material with a charge density given by \rho =10^{-9} \text{cos}\left ( \frac{z}{z_0}\right ) C/m^3 that exist between \frac{-\pi}{3}z_0<z<\frac{\pi}{3}z_0. Homework Equations None I can think of. The Attempt at a Solution Attempt #1...
  9. P

    Reduction of a simple distributed loading (correct1)

    Homework Statement I am not yet at the chapter of equations of equilibrium, plus it says the couple moment is not 0, so I assume it just about the loadings and not including the reactive forces and reactive moment. Homework Equations F= 1/2*b*h M= 1/2*b*h*d The Attempt at a Solution So if I...
  10. P

    Reduction of a simple distributed loading

    Homework Statement This is the question, but with me 6 kN/m is 4 kN/m and 2 kN/m is 2.5 kN/m. I am not yet at the chapter of equations of equilibrium, plus it says the couple moment is not 0, so I assume it just about the loadings and not including the reactive forces and reactive moment...
  11. Z

    Where are the electrons near Fermi Surface spatially distributed in HTS

    Namely, are the wave functions of electrons near the Fermi surface spatially distributed in the so-called "active blocks" (CuO2 layers and etc.) or in the so-called "charge reservoir blocks" ? Or any other case? ( EO/(AOx)m/EO with m =1, 2 monolayers of a quite arbitrary oxide AOx(A = Bi, Pb...
  12. Y

    Electric charge is distributed inside a nonconducting sphere

    Homework Statement Electric charge is uniformly distributed inside a nonconducting sphere of radius 0.30 m. The electric field at a point P, which is 0.50 m from the center of the sphere, is 15,000 N/C and is directed radially outward. At what distance from the center of the sphere does the...
  13. G

    Number of objects distributed between four people

    Homework Statement Four people are dealing the total amount of money, which is 1000 monetary units in terms of 100 monetary units. Count the number of ways for this distribution if: 1) Every person doesn't have to get any money 2) Every person will get at least 100 monetary units 3) First...
  14. 22990atinesh

    Numerical Problem on Processor Pool Model

    Consider the case of a distributed computing system based on the processor-pool model that has ##P## processors in the pool. In this system, suppose a user start a computing job that involves compilation of a program consisting of ##F## source file ##(F < P)##. Assume that at this time the user...
  15. 22990atinesh

    How to calculate Clock Skew of nodes in a distributed system

    A distributed system has 3 nodes ##N_1##, ##N_2## and ##N_3##, each having its own clock. The clocks of nodes ##N_1##, ##N_2## and ##N_3## tick 800, 810 and 795 times/ms. The system uses the external synchronization mechanism, in which all 3 nodes receive the real time every 30 seconds from...
  16. T

    STD of Poisson distributed particle intensity

    Homework Statement Say I have a detector that detects alpha-particles of some decay process. Let N be the amount of particles detected and let N be Poisson distributed. If I now define the intensity to be the amount of detected particles per second I = N/t, what would the standard deviation of...
  17. G

    Moment about distributed load (trapezium)

    Homework Statement i am asked to find the reaction at A and B ... Here's my working : 15(3/2) +15(5) +15(6)+5(6/2)=RA +RB moment about A = 15(3/2)(3x2/3) + (15)(5)(8) + (5x6/2)(8+4) + (15)(6)(14) -RB(14) = 0 so , i have my RB=148.9N , RA= 53.5N , which is wrong ? which part of my working is...
  18. Y

    {Combinatorics} Coins distributed among people.

    Homework Statement Find the number of ways to distribute 55 identical coins among three people, so that everyone gets an odd number of coins. Homework Equations Stars and Bars Formula [/B]The Attempt at a Solution (n+r-1,n-1) Ways to place r indistinguishable objects into n distinguishable...
  19. P

    Calculating permutations for a normally distributed variable

    For three dice, you can have 6 * 6 * 6 = 216 permutations (order matters). The dice has a uniform probability distribution of p(x) = 1/6. Easy. I'm trying to get an estimate of how many permutations you can have if a variable has a normal probability distribution. So for example, if a...
  20. S

    Multiple distributed loads on a beam

    Hi all, my professor has hinted at proposing a question of this sort to us for a shear and bending moment diagram. Now while I am comfortable with having [either] a uniformly distributed load or a varying one, I'm not sure how to deal with both. I can't seem to find anything in my textbook to...
  21. I

    What are the Internal Forces at Point C in a Distributed Load System?

    Homework Statement find internal normal, shear, and moment forces at point C, P=8kn The Attempt at a Solution for the most part I can solve this entire question but looking at the solution for it one of my equations is different and I cannot figure out why. my equation for finding T(tension...
  22. Bababarghi

    Calculating distributed parameters based on given Pi model

    Homework Statement In a course I am studying, I have been asked to calculate the distributed parameters of a line whose Pi model has been provided. I simply quote the question here for clarity of my question: Homework Equations C = \frac{{2\pi \varepsilon }}{{\ln \frac{b}{a}}} R =...
  23. C

    Electric charge inside a uniformly distributed sphere

    1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known my book says inside of a uniformly distributed sphere is zero and it also says it is not it is increasing. I didnt understand any single thing it is like kidding me? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution
  24. H

    Electric field due to a distributed charge over a ring

    Homework Statement .A ring-shaped conductor with radius a = 0.025 m has a total positive charge Q = 0.125 x 10-9C uniformly distributed around it. The center of the ring is at the origin of coordinates O. What is the electric field (magnitude and direction) at point , which is on the x-axis at...
  25. hdp12

    Internal Force Diagram for Rigid Body and Distributed Load

    I'm working on a homework problem for Statics and I'm stuck. Could someone please help?Problem: Draw the internal force (N,V,M) diagrams and include all significant figures Here is all of my work: Resulting F from W1: W(x) = W1 ∴ F2=∫02b W1dx eq (1) ⇒ F2 = W1⋅2b x1 = (F1)-1 ∫02b W1dx =...
  26. B

    Applying a distributed load in Abaqus

    Hey all, So in relation to another question I've posted, I need to apply a distributed pressure in Abaqus on a compressor nozzle. Up to now I was just applying a uniform pressure throughout but I'm wondering how I would apply a pressure distribution? Also would it be simpler to just apply the...
  27. J

    Uniformly distributed load - Max bending moment help

    Homework Statement I have to work out the reactions at A & D. Sketch the shear force diagram for the beam and sketch the bending moment diagram. i have worked out the reactions at A=56kN and D=34kN. I have done the SFD. I am just struggling doing the bending moment diagram and don't know how...
  28. N

    Why Does a Triangular Load on a Beam Require Multiple Moment Calculations?

    I have a problem that shows a triangular distributed load on a beam (studying for NCEES civil engineering exam). At one end of the triangle we have a force magnitude level of "w" and the other end is labeled "wL/6." They tell me that a triangular load is equivalent to a concentrated load of...
  29. P

    Representing distributed loads with singularity functions

    Homework Statement could someone explain why the terms in red represent the red distributed load in the attached diagram? Homework Equations http://postimg.org/image/3x0wywr4v/ The Attempt at a Solution the only term I think I understand is the -3<x-0>^0 but I'm not sure of the rest
  30. squelch

    Positive charge "Q" is distributed uniformly around a semicircle

    Homework Statement Positive charge Q is distributed uniformly around a semicircle of radius a. Detirmine ##\vec{E}## around at the center of curvature P. Homework Equations $$\vec{E}=K\frac{Q}{r^2}\hat{r}$$ The Attempt at a Solution Taking a small slide of length dl from the semicircle...
  31. D

    Weight Distributed at Three Points

    Homework Statement Total Weight of System = 3301 kg Length, Width of Sytem = (4670mm, 1931mm) Calculated Center of Mass = (2261mm, 1065mm) Find weight at the following points: Point I (104, 1046) Point II (3182, 1867) Point III (3182, 225) Homework Equations Center of...
  32. C

    Positive probabilities for neg sums of uniformly distributed variables

    I've been thinking about the Central Limit Theorem and by my understanding it states that the sum of randomly distributed variables follows approximately a normal distribution. My question is if you have, say, 100 uniformly distributed variables that range from 0 to 10, their sum has to be...
  33. J

    Statistics: independently distributed mean and variance

    Homework Statement Math and verbal SAT scores are each N(500, 10000) 1)If the math and verbal SAT scores were independently distributed, which is not the case, then what would be the distribution of the overall SAT scores? Find its mean and variance. Homework Equations The...
  34. K

    Two DOF Anglepoise Spring-balance with Distributed weight

    I am designing a a robot arm based on the two degree of freedom anglepoise lamp, like the typical desk lamp or Pixar lamp, that consists of two parallelograms, each balanced with a spring. The goal is to design it so that it remains statically balanced at all positions and let two springs carry...
  35. johann1301

    Charge distributed uniformly on sphere surface

    From my textbook: "An electric charge that is uniformly distributed on the surface of a sphere, affects a different charge outside the sphere as though the whole charge was collected in the center of the sphere. This we exploit when we use Coulumbs law." Ive tried to prove this mathematically...
  36. A

    Partial distributed load over fully fixed beam

    I am trying to figure out the deflection in a fully restrained beam. A diagram of the beam can be found here on this website. http://civilengineer.webinfolist.com/fb/fbcalcu.php I have been able to find the reactionary forces as well as the moments at each end of the beam for any distributed...
  37. B

    How to reduce a distributed load to a resultant force

    Hi everyone, So I am trying to study how different types of slurry will deflect a PVC pipe. The first step in my understanding is to reduce distributed load into a resultant force. I'm assuming that the resultant force will be placed in the center of the pipe (assuming a homogeneous...
  38. C

    Did I make a mistake in my moment calculation for the distributed load?

    Referring the question and my own worked out solution in the attachment, I could not get to the answer given that is Ra= 200 N, and Rc = 1300 N. Is there any calculation mistake I made?
  39. P

    Calculating Force R: Distributed Load Homework

    Homework Statement http://postimg.org/image/7vpxry28t/ Can someone explain how they calculated the force R representing the distributed load? Did they even make use of the value "800N/m" from the question?
  40. W

    Uniformly distributed around the circumference Loads (Statics and Mec)

    Homework Statement My question is this, they say that at point B the 30kN force is uniformly distributed If a force is uniformly distributed shouldn't the units be 30kN/mIf so, wouldn't that imply the point force would act in the center of the disk and the force would be be 30kN multiplied...
  41. T

    Expected value of X*exp(X) for X normally distributed

    Assume we have X\sim\exp(\mu,\sigma^2). How does one compute \mathbb{E}\left(Xe^X\right) and/or what is the outcome value?
  42. TheFerruccio

    Beam with uniformly distributed springs

    Homework Statement Suppose you have a beam with a transverse load P pointing down in the center, directly over the middle "spring". This beam is supported by 9 uniformly distributed springs of constant k. Compute the loads of the springs.Homework Equations You know that the problem is...
  43. D

    Three hanging balls of uniformly distributed charge

    Homework Statement Three identical small balls of mass m with uniformly distributed charge Q each hang from a string of length L. The strings are all tethered at the opposite end at the same point. (a) Find the general equation for the angle θ of each string from vertical. Homework...
  44. karush

    MHB -aux.20.The lifespan of a particular species of insect is normally distributed

    1149 The lifespan of a particular species of insect is normally distributed with a mean of $57$ hours and a standard deviation of $4.4$ hours. $90\%$ of the insects die after $t$ hours. Represent this information on a standard normal curve diagram, indicating clearly the area representing...
  45. Y

    Statics: Shear and bending moment, distributed load

    Homework Statement Homework Equations ƩFy=0 ƩM=0 The Attempt at a Solution Finding the reaction at A: ƩFy=0: A + (L*w0)/6 - (L*w0)/2 = 0 A = (L*w0)/3 ƩMA=0: MA - [(L*w0)/2]*(L/3) + [(L*w0)/6]*((2L)/3) = 0 MA = (w0*L2)/18 For the shear and bending moment: ƩFy=0: (L*w0)/3 - (x*w0)/2 +...
  46. H

    Why are natural resources not evenly distributed around the surface?

    Is there an exact reason for the non-uniformness or is it all just random?I mean in the early stages of Earth's development when It was still hot, shouldn't all types of substances have spread more or less evenly?
  47. karush

    MHB -aux04 Species of insect is normally distributed

    just seeing how I did on this one:confused: The lifespan of a particular species of insect is normally distributed with a mean of $57$ hours and a standard deviation of $4.4$ hours. this is the normal distribution with $\mu = 57$ and $\sigma = 4.4$ tried to standardize this by...
  48. G

    Variance of normally distributed RV

    Homework Statement The time it takes for a nurse to look up a patient journal is uniformly distributed between three and seven minutes. One morning there's 96 journal orders for the nurse to take care of. Calculate the probability that she will get them all done during an eight hour work...
  49. MarkFL

    MHB M's question at Yahoo Answers regarding normally distributed data

    Here is the question: Here is a link to the question: Help with Z Score Problem? - Yahoo! Answers I have posted a link there to this topic so the OP can find my response.
  50. A

    Parametrization of uniformly distributed n dimensional states

    Any two dimensional state can be written as: |\phi\rangle=\cos\frac{\theta}{2}|0\rangle+e^{i\phi}\sin\frac{\theta}{2}|1\rangle where 0\leq\theta\leq\pi and 0\leq\phi\leq 2\pi, and 0\leq\theta\leq\pi. To pick one such state uniformly at random it suffices to draw \phi at random from its...
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