What is Equivalent: Definition and 1000 Discussions

Equivalent weight (also known as gram equivalent) is the mass of one equivalent, that is the mass of a given substance which will combine with or displace a fixed quantity of another substance. The equivalent weight of an element is the mass which combines with or displaces 1.008 gram of hydrogen or 8.0 grams of oxygen or 35.5 grams of chlorine. These values correspond to the atomic weight divided by the usual valence; for oxygen as example that is 16.0 g / 2 = 8.0 g.
For acid–base reactions, the equivalent weight of an acid or base is the mass which supplies or reacts with one mole of hydrogen cations (H+). For redox reactions, the equivalent weight of each reactant supplies or reacts with one mole of electrons (e−) in a redox reaction.Equivalent weight has the dimensions and units of mass, unlike atomic weight, which is dimensionless. Equivalent weights were originally determined by experiment, but (insofar as they are still used) are now derived from molar masses. Additionally, the equivalent weight of a compound can be calculated by dividing the molecular mass by the number of positive or negative electrical charges that result from the dissolution of the compound.

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  1. M

    Engineering Finding the Thevenin equivalent circuit.

    Homework Statement Find resistance R so that maximum power is transferred to this resistor. http://i.imgur.com/XsxTFCq.png Homework Equations Rth = Voc/Isc The Attempt at a Solution I tried to find the Thevenin equivalent circuit across the resistor R because the Thevenin resistance must...
  2. A

    Finding equivalent resistance in complex circuit

    In my previous question , situated here, I asked about finding the equivalent resistance of the following circuit : I got some very good answers and some tips. Now what if the same circuit is modified by adding two more resistors on the free connecting wires like this : How...
  3. N

    Engineering How Do You Simplify a Circuit Using Thevenin's Theorem?

    Homework Statement Above given is the circuit I am supposed to simplify where the 1/5Ω resistor is the load. I'm unsure how to convert this circuit into an equivalent Thevenin Circuit. Homework Equations V = I*R (Ohm's Law) The Attempt at a Solution Using Microcap and it's...
  4. J

    Equivalent Conditions for Nonsingularity (Matrices)

    True or False. If true explain or prove answer, and if false give an example to show the statement is not always true. 1. If A is a 4x4 matrix and a1+a2=a3+2a4, then A must be singular. 2. If A is row equivalent to both B and C, then A is row equivalent to B+C. My Work: 1. I say it's...
  5. S

    Is there a Charge equivalent of Mass?

    I have been wondering since a very long time, whether its possible that Charge and mass has some intimate relationship, like Energy-matter. You see, energy exists as energy and matter exists as matter. But, they both are inter convertible under some provided circumstances. Can that also be...
  6. G

    Question about turning a hemisphere into an equivalent circle?

    I was thinking about this when I was trying to work out a simpler way of finding the volume of a sphere. Suppose we cover a hemisphere with a piece of pliable thin cover. Stretching the cover flat would make a circle. The circumference of the sphere is 2*pi*r. The distance along the surface of...
  7. G

    Calculating Equivalent Resistance for a Complex Circuit - CircuitLab Homework

    Homework Statement Find the equivalent resistance of: https://www.circuitlab.com/circuit/5s3ebn/screenshot/1024x768/ Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I've simplified it a bit already... Just very confused in regards to which resistances are in parallel since they...
  8. N

    Equivalent resistance of simple circuit

    Homework Statement Find the equivalent resistance of the following circuit. http://img706.imageshack.us/img706/9644/zkz7.png Homework Equations none The Attempt at a Solution I am not able to find out which are resistors are in series and are in parallel.Is there any special...
  9. C

    Equivalent statements to matrix A is orthogonal

    A is orthogonal if the A^{-1} = A^{T}. Thus, AA^{T} = I. However, is the statement A is orthogonal equivalent to A^{2}=I. I don't think the statements are equivalent, but it comes from a test. Thus, I'd hope the test is correct.
  10. U

    Is 1 degree K/C equivalent at all temperatures?

    This is an odd question. I was talking with a social scientist the other day and he seemed to think that the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature 1 degree Celsius or Kelvin was minutely different depending on the temperature (ie near absolute zero the energy it takes to increase T...
  11. F

    Are those solutions equivalent?

    On my studying material I noticed that for "devices in parallel" problems, a question of the type "Find the probability the device works for 1 year" is dealt with P(A or B) where P(A), P(B) are the probabilities of each of the instruments working for one year, which is something I intuitively...
  12. stripes

    Equivalent definitions of convergence

    Homework Statement \mathbf{D1:}\forall\varepsilon>0,\exists K\epsilon\mathbb{N},\forall n\epsilon\mathbb{N},n\geq K\Longrightarrow|x_{n}-x|<\varepsilon \mathbf{D2:}\forall\rho>0,\exists M\epsilon\mathbb{N},\forall n\epsilon\mathbb{N},n>M\Longrightarrow|x_{n}-x|\leq\rho Show these two...
  13. T

    Show the two forms of the sample variance are equivalent

    Homework Statement Showthe two forms of the sample variance are equivalent: \frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i=1}^\n (Yi-Ybar)2 = \frac{1}{n(n-1)}\sum_{i=1}^\n \sum_{j>i}\n (Yi-Yj)2 The first summation is from i=1 to n, the second is i=1 to n and the third is j>i to n. Sorry, I don't know how to format...
  14. M

    Equivalent Circuits: How Do (a) & (b) Compare?

    How are the circuits (a) and (b) equivalent? i0 is the sum of two currents that flow from high to low potential (flow of positive charge) So why does i0 not flow from high to low pot?
  15. H

    Equivalent Resistance - Resistors Intertwined

    Homework Statement Find the equivalent resistance between terminals a and b Homework Equations Series: Req = summation of resistors Parallel 1/Req = summation of 1/resistances The Attempt at a Solution So I figured out the easy ones, and so I'm here at the moment...
  16. C

    Show these two equations are equivalent (involves sines and cosines)

    Homework Statement Show that sin(\alpha)-sin(\beta)=-\frac{v}{c}sin(\alpha+\beta) is equivalent to cos(\beta)=\frac{-2\frac{v}{c}+(1+\frac{v^2}{c^2})cos(\alpha)}{1-2\frac{v}{c}cos(\alpha)+\frac{v^2}{c^2}} Homework Equations This is the last step in the derivation of the...
  17. C

    Engineering Basic AC Circuit Question on Equivalent Impedance

    Homework Statement If R1 = 2 Ω, X1 = 1 Ω, R2 = 2 Ω, and X2 = -2 Ω , the equivalent impedance Zeq (in ohms) at terminals a and b is: (the circuit diagram is attached to this post) a. 3 + j 0 b. 3 + j 2 c. 3 - j 2 d. 0 - j 2 e. 0 + j 2 The answer is a. I have no idea how to...
  18. R

    Engineering Thevenin Equivalent of a Circuit

    Homework Statement Find the Thévenin equivalent of the circuit shown in FIGURE 1. Homework Equations Any two-terminal network can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source and a series resistance equal to the internal resistance seen looking into the two...
  19. I

    MHB Check if relation is equivalent

    Hello I have to check if the following relation is an equivalence relation. \[m\sim n \;\;\mbox{in}\;\;\mathbb{Z}\;\;\mbox{if}\; mn > 0\] I think this relation fails to be reflexive since $(0,0)$ does not belong to this relation. Hence this is not an equivalent relation. Is this ok ? Thanks
  20. N

    Engineering Transistor equivalent circuit question

    This is the equivalent circuit to a transistor, I am to find: i )Short-circuit input impedance, H11 ii )Open-circuit reverse voltage gain, H12 iii)Forward current gain, H21 iv)Open-circuit output admittance, H22 Homework Equations Vin = (H11)(Iin) + (H12)(Vout) Iout = (H21)(Iin) +...
  21. E

    Equivalent conditions for a measurability restriction?

    Let Z:= A^T, where T is a countable set and A is a finite set. Under the product topology, Z is a compact metrizable space. (As a special case, notice that Z could be the Cantor set). Given a closed set X \subseteq Z, I'm interested in answering the question, "Does there exist some partition...
  22. K

    Equivalent resistance in a parallel circuit

    Homework Statement Prove that the equivalent resistance in a parallel circuit with 2 resistors with resistance R1 and R2 is always lesser than the resistance of either resistor. Homework Equations Rt= (R1 x R2)/(R1 + R2) The Attempt at a Solution I tried starting from R1 + R2...
  23. E

    Equivalent form for Binomial Expression?

    Is there a way to express ##{n\choose k}{n\choose r}## in another form without n as the "top" of the binomial coefficient? I remember seeing it once but I forgot what it was.
  24. S

    Chemically Equivalent Hydrogens

    Homework Statement I attached a picture of the molecule. My question is why are the methyl group at the top not chemically equivalent. The answer says that this molecule makes three singlets in HNMR but I was thinking it should make only 2 because the top methyl groups are chemically...
  25. C

    Find Thevenin equivalent, but off by a small amount

    Homework Statement Apply source transformation to find the Thevenin equivalent circuit Homework Equations voltage division, source transformationThe Attempt at a Solution Simplify the far left current source to get Then Vth of this = (50V + 20V)*(100/200) = 35V and Rth of it = 100||100 =...
  26. R

    Equivalent Inductance: Redrawing Circuits and Solving for Leq

    Homework Statement Homework Equations Leq = L1 + L2 + ... + Ln (series) Leq = 1/((1/L1) + (1/L2) + ... + (1/Ln)) (parallel) The Attempt at a Solution For part A, I redrew the circuit (above), taking into account that the switch was open, but I'm not entirely certain I did it...
  27. QuantumCurt

    Prove that the two trig identities are equivalent

    Homework Statement Prove that the two trig identities are equivalent. cos \ x \ -\frac{cos \ x}{1-tan \ x} \ = \ \frac{sin \ x \ cos \ x \ }{sin \ x \ - \ cos \ x} The Attempt at a Solution My professor recommended that we only work with one side of the equality when we're trying...
  28. A

    Difficult : Calculate equivalent resistance of the circuit problem .

    Homework Statement Calculate the total equivalent resistance between A and D - ( All resistors are 1 ohm ) Homework Equations - The Attempt at a Solution The only thing I can see is that the two straight 1 ohm resistors are in parallel , giving 1*1/1+1= 1/2 resistance. But what...
  29. O

    Equivalent Resistor Calculation for Series and Parallel Circuits

    Homework Statement Calculate equivalent resistor The Attempt at a Solution Req=(10 series 5)//(10)//(3)//(2)//(9 series 40) series 8//(4) I am not sure in the bolded text, is 9Ω connected serially with 40Ω.
  30. A

    What makes an equation equivalent to another?

    I know that this is basic, but I don't get it. Say we have the system, x + y = 32 3x + 2y = 70 Each equation represents a graph, and the solution is the point where the two lines intersect. Here is where I am confused: x + y = 32 2x + 2y = 64 What is the proof that the two equations...
  31. M

    Ground configuration of Equivalent electrons

    It is the procedure you do to get ground term symbol in LS coupling. What is meant by this "ground term"? As in a physical meaning. If you don't know the procedure it is in this link: http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term_symbol, please seek "Ground State Term Symbol" Section.
  32. C

    Calculating equivalent length of expansion/contraction from K value

    If you know the resistance coefficient, K, for a sudden expansion or contraction in a pipe, how can you calculate the equivalent length, Le from the K value? I know that for fittings, Le=KD/f, where D is the diameter and f is the Darcy friction factor. But when considering a contraction or...
  33. C

    Engineering AC Circuit with Source Transformation; find Thevenin equivalent

    Homework Statement Use source transformation to find the Thevenin equivalent circuit with respect to terminals, a, b. Homework Equations Voltage Division: (V in)*(R1/R1+R2) Thevenin / Norton / source transformation procedures RTh = RNo VTh = INo*RNo Polar...
  34. Y

    Representation equivalent to a unitary one

    Hey guys, How come a representation \rho of a group G is always equivalent to a unitary representation of G on some (inner product) space V ? Can anyone provide a good source (book, preferably) which states a proof? Thanks
  35. X

    Thevenin and Norton Equivalent

    Homework Statement Find Vt and In Homework Equations KCL The Attempt at a Solution I found Rt to be 5.94 ohms (1/(1/7+1/9)+2) Then I am stuck. I know to find Vt (which is equal to Vopen circuit), I have to do a KCL in an open circuit, so my KCL equation is 2+Voc/3=Voc/4 So...
  36. A

    How Can the Equivalent Weight of Sulfur be 32 in S2Cl2?

    Equivalent weight of sulfur in SCl2 is 16,what is the equivalent weight of S in S2Cl2? [S=32,Cl=35.5] I know that the answer is 32. But how how can the equivalent weight of Sulfur be 32? We know that equivalent weight=atomic weight/valency Now sulfur has variable valency of 2,4,6 .So the...
  37. A

    Determining the equivalent weight of molecules.

    What is the equivalent weight of ozone molecule? I mean how can I find out the equivalent weight of molecules? Is it same as the equivalent weight of element? For example, FeCl3 ,what will be the equivalent weight of chlorine ?
  38. P

    Is this the correct diagram of finding equivalent impedance

    Homework Statement Can you check if the values and labels are correct Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution
  39. C

    Expressing equivalent impedance

    Homework Statement Determine the equivalent impedance of the following network: (My bad, the element at the far right where the j2ohm is was supposed to be an inductor, fixed now. The numbers are correct too.) Homework Equations R(series) = R1 + R2? R(parallel) = [ (1/R1) + (1/R2) ]-1...
  40. E

    Trouble with the definitions of equivalent and collinear.

    My teacher, textbook and the internet have differing definitions. First of all: Equivalent. My teacher says that two parallel vectors with the same magnitude are equivalent, but my textbook says that two vectors in the same direction are equivalent. ×--> <--× are these equivalent?And...
  41. H

    Equivalent stiffness and damping

    Homework Statement A scheme of springs and dampers is given. What is equivalent stiffness and damping? Homework Equations For stiffness in series: keq=ka*kb/(ka+kb) For stiffness in parallel: keq=ka+kb For dampers similarly. The Attempt at a Solution To me it looks like k1 and k2 are in...
  42. P

    Equivalent impedance per phase (3 Phase balanced systems)

    Hi, if a load is given in MVA and I work out the Real and reactive power, is the equivalent complex impedance per phase the values of real and reactive power divided by three in the following form: Z (per phase) = Real power/3 + j Reactive power/3 Im not sure how to work out whether the...
  43. R

    Archived What is the equivalent capcitance of this circuit - Figured it out.

    What is the equivalent capcitance of this circuit! -- Figured it out. I have a Physics final exam in 2 hours and I'm re-reviewing things... This problem DOESN'T make any sense! 17. If C1 = 2 F, C2 = 3 F, C3 = 5 F, C4 = 6 F, the equivalent capacitance of the circuit is: A. 8.5 F is supposed...
  44. C

    Thevenin Equivalent issue - I think I'm missing something

    Homework Statement Given the circuit (Attached in image) Find the thevenin equivalent circuit. I know its a fairly simple thing, But I am not understanding where the lecturer is getting this answer from, unfortunately his solutions just state the voltage so I feel like I must be missing...
  45. E

    Is sensible heat involved in the equivalent evaporation of boiler?

    1.Is sensible heat involved in the equivalent evaporation of boiler? While studying about the equivalent evaporation of boiler I got confused about the equation. The equation says,2. E=Total heat required to evaporate feed water/2257(latent heat of water) The definition of E is the amount of...
  46. A

    Equivalent Mutual Inductor Circuits

    Homework Statement Consider the circuit which consists of two ideal inductors L_{S} ,L_{P}. These inductors are magnetically coupled with mutual inductance, M. It is possible to replace these magnetically coupled coils by three coils which do not share magnetic flux linkages. The two...
  47. A

    Methylene Blue's equivalent weight

    Hello, I have to prepare a Methylene Blue solution 1ml = 0.01 meq, or 0.01 N, from MB powder. To know the amount of powder required, I need to know MB's equivalent weight, or equivalent number, but haven't been able to find it so far. Does anyone know? Help appreciated
  48. J

    An equivalent resistor problem

    Homework Statement Hey, I've always had problems with circuits and finding out equivalent resistors, and identifyuing which are in parallel, and which are not Homework Equations I need help with the circuit attached. Can someone clear this problem with circuits once and for all. PS: I...
  49. A

    Thevenin equivalent phasor domain dependent voltage source

    Homework Statement determine thevenin equivalent of circuit at terminals (a,b): Homework Equations Z(L)=jwL Z(C)=-j/wC V(th)=V(oc) R(th)=V(ex)/I(ex) The Attempt at a Solution actually 1st i need help with finding V(th). i do know that V(th) would be the voltage across the 2ohm resistor, so...
  50. C

    Engineering Equivalent circuit for lumped capacitance with dielectric losses

    Homework Statement Draw the equivalent circuit for a lumped capacitance with dielectric losses that would be appropriate at RF frequencies. Homework Equations Possibly Xc=-j/ωC The Attempt at a Solution I do not really know what the question is asking. I know that a lumped capacitance...
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