Electric field problem using Gauss' law: Point charge moving near a line charge

In summary, the summary for this conversation is that a point charge with a mass of 0.1 kg and a charge of -2 µC is launched from coordinate (2,0) into the plane of the paper. The launch velocity required for the charge to reach coordinate (-2,0) is 1.20 m/s. The problem cannot be solved using the equation v^2 = U^2 + 2as because the charge does not travel in a straight line with constant linear acceleration. The trajectory of the charge would need to be determined using other equations or methods.
  • #1
wcjy
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Homework Statement
Consider a long line of charge with linear charge density λ = 4 µC/m and a point charge q= −2 µC with mass m = 0.1 kg at coordinate (2,0) at t = 0. The point charge is launched straight into the plane of the paper. What is the launch velocity so that the point charge will reach coordinate (−2,0)?
Relevant Equations
Electric field due to long line of charge, E = λ/(2pi*r*ε0)
Electric field due to point charge, E = Q/(4*pi*ε0*r^2)
V^2 = U^2 +2as
F=qE
F = qE
ma = (2*10^-6) * (λ / (2pi*r*ε0) )
ma = (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) => I am not certain what to put for r ( But I sub in 4 because dist is 4)
a = ( (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) )/ 0.1
a = 0.35950

v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s
v = 0
u^2 = -2 a s => Can't sqrt negative so i just removed
u = sqrt( 2 * 0.35950 * 4)
u = 1.6959Answer: 1.20m/s
 

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  • #2
wcjy said:
Homework Statement:: Consider a long line of charge with linear charge density λ = 4 µC/m and a point charge q= −2 µC with mass m = 0.1 kg at coordinate (2,0) at t = 0. The point charge is launched straight into the plane of the paper. What is the launch velocity so that the point charge will reach coordinate (−2,0)?
Relevant Equations:: Electric field due to long line of charge, E = λ/(2pi*r*ε0)
Electric field due to point charge, E = Q/(4*pi*ε0*r^2)
V^2 = U^2 +2as
F=qE

F = qE
ma = (2*10^-6) * (λ / (2pi*r*ε0) )
ma = (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) => I am not certain what to put for r ( But I sub in 4 because dist is 4)
a = ( (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) )/ 0.1
a = 0.35950

v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s
v = 0
u^2 = -2 a s => Can't sqrt negative so i just removed
u = sqrt( 2 * 0.35950 * 4)
u = 1.6959Answer: 1.20m/s
The problem states that the charge is launned straight into the plane of the paper. It does mot travel along a straight line with comstant linear acceleration, you can not use the equation v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s. What is the trajectory of the charge?
 
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  • #3
ehild said:
The problem states that the charge is launned straight into the plane of the paper. It does mot travel along a straight line with comstant linear acceleration, you can not use the equation v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s. What is the trajectory of the charge?

solved it already thx
 
Last edited:

1. What is Gauss' law and how is it used to solve electric field problems?

Gauss' law is a fundamental law in electromagnetism that relates the electric field at a point to the charge enclosed by a surface surrounding that point. It is used to solve electric field problems by simplifying the calculation of the electric field, as it allows us to use symmetry and simplifying assumptions to determine the electric field at a point.

2. How is the electric field of a point charge affected by a nearby line charge?

The electric field of a point charge is affected by a nearby line charge through a phenomenon known as electric field superposition. This means that the electric field at a point is the vector sum of the electric fields created by each individual charge. The electric field of the point charge will be stronger or weaker depending on the distance and orientation of the line charge.

3. What is the relationship between the electric field and the charge density in Gauss' law?

In Gauss' law, the electric field is directly proportional to the charge enclosed by the surface and inversely proportional to the permittivity of the medium. This means that as the charge density increases, the electric field also increases. However, the permittivity of the medium can also affect the strength of the electric field.

4. How can we use Gauss' law to solve for the electric field of a point charge moving near a line charge?

To solve for the electric field of a point charge moving near a line charge using Gauss' law, we first need to define a Gaussian surface that encloses the point charge and the line charge. Then, we can use symmetry and simplifying assumptions to calculate the electric field at a point on the Gaussian surface. Finally, we can use Gauss' law to relate the electric field at that point to the charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface.

5. What are some limitations of using Gauss' law to solve electric field problems?

While Gauss' law is a powerful tool for solving electric field problems, it has some limitations. It can only be used in situations with high symmetry, such as spherical or cylindrical symmetry. It also assumes that the electric field is constant over the surface of the Gaussian surface, which may not always be the case. Additionally, it only applies to static electric fields and cannot be used for time-varying or dynamic situations.

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