Estuaries exhibit high productivity due to their nutrient-rich environments, which result from river runoff and the mixing of salt and fresh water. This nutrient abundance supports the growth of microorganisms, which thrive without limitations. These microorganisms serve as a food source for zooplankton, while phytoplankton also flourish in these conditions. The resulting plankton populations provide essential nourishment for larger fauna, including fish, thus establishing a productive food web in estuarine ecosystems.