Adiabatic processes involve no exchange of heat with the surroundings, while isothermal processes maintain a constant temperature throughout.
The efficiency of adiabatic and isothermal processes depends on the specific conditions and the type of system. In general, adiabatic processes tend to be more efficient in terms of work done.
In an adiabatic process, the work done is greater than in an isothermal process due to the absence of heat exchange, resulting in a larger change in internal energy.
Adiabatic processes can be seen in the compression and expansion of gases in internal combustion engines, while isothermal processes are often used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
Both adiabatic and isothermal processes have their own advantages and are used in various industrial applications depending on the specific requirements. However, adiabatic processes are more commonly used in industries such as power generation and chemical production.
