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Problem 1
[itex]\alpha ,\, \beta \in S_n,\ \alpha \beta = \beta \alpha[/itex] and [itex]\alpha[/itex] is an n-cycle. Prove that [itex]\beta[/itex] is a power of [itex]\alpha[/itex]. I know that either [itex]\beta = \epsilon[/itex], or [itex]\beta[/itex] permutes all the elements, but I don't know how to prove that it must specifically be a power of [itex]\alpha[/itex].
Problem 2
Define [itex]R_m[/itex] to be the group consisting of the set [itex]\{x \in \mathbb{N}\ :\ \mathop{\rm GCD}\nolimits (x,m) = 1,\ x < m\}[/itex] together with multiplication modulo m as the group operation. Show that if [itex]\mathop{\rm GCD}\nolimits (m,n) = 1[/itex] then [itex]R_{mn}[/itex] is isomorphic to [itex]R_m \times R_n[/itex].
Problem 3
Prove or disprove that the alternating group [itex]A_5[/itex] contains subgroup of order m for each m that divides [itex]|A_5| = 60[/itex]. I've found:
1: {e}
2: {e, (12)(34)} = <(12)(34)>
3: {e, (123), (321)} = <(123)>
4: {e, (12)(34), (13)(24), (14)(23)}
5: {e, (12345), (13524), (14253), (15432)} = <(12345)>
6: {e, (123), (321), (12)(45), (13)(45), (23)(45)}
10: <(12345)> U {(13)(45), (14)(23), (15)(24), (25)(34), (12)(35)}
I found the subgroups of orders 4, 6, and 10 basically hoping to prove that they didn't exist, then after getting stuck, ending up finding that I could find subgroups of that order. However, this brute force type of approach will not work in finding subgroups of order 12, 15, 20, or 30. So is there any way to solve this problem that isn't overwhelmingly time-consuming?
Problem 4
Suppose p is prime, and [itex]R_p[/itex] is as defined in problem 2, then show that it is cyclic.
Problem 5
Suppose G is a group with |G| = 4n+2. Show that there is a subgroup H < G such that |H| = 2n + 1. Use Cauchy's theorem, Cayley's theorem and the fact that any subgroup of [itex]S_n[/itex] has either all of its elements or precisely half of its elements being even.
[itex]\alpha ,\, \beta \in S_n,\ \alpha \beta = \beta \alpha[/itex] and [itex]\alpha[/itex] is an n-cycle. Prove that [itex]\beta[/itex] is a power of [itex]\alpha[/itex]. I know that either [itex]\beta = \epsilon[/itex], or [itex]\beta[/itex] permutes all the elements, but I don't know how to prove that it must specifically be a power of [itex]\alpha[/itex].
Problem 2
Define [itex]R_m[/itex] to be the group consisting of the set [itex]\{x \in \mathbb{N}\ :\ \mathop{\rm GCD}\nolimits (x,m) = 1,\ x < m\}[/itex] together with multiplication modulo m as the group operation. Show that if [itex]\mathop{\rm GCD}\nolimits (m,n) = 1[/itex] then [itex]R_{mn}[/itex] is isomorphic to [itex]R_m \times R_n[/itex].
Problem 3
Prove or disprove that the alternating group [itex]A_5[/itex] contains subgroup of order m for each m that divides [itex]|A_5| = 60[/itex]. I've found:
1: {e}
2: {e, (12)(34)} = <(12)(34)>
3: {e, (123), (321)} = <(123)>
4: {e, (12)(34), (13)(24), (14)(23)}
5: {e, (12345), (13524), (14253), (15432)} = <(12345)>
6: {e, (123), (321), (12)(45), (13)(45), (23)(45)}
10: <(12345)> U {(13)(45), (14)(23), (15)(24), (25)(34), (12)(35)}
I found the subgroups of orders 4, 6, and 10 basically hoping to prove that they didn't exist, then after getting stuck, ending up finding that I could find subgroups of that order. However, this brute force type of approach will not work in finding subgroups of order 12, 15, 20, or 30. So is there any way to solve this problem that isn't overwhelmingly time-consuming?
Problem 4
Suppose p is prime, and [itex]R_p[/itex] is as defined in problem 2, then show that it is cyclic.
Problem 5
Suppose G is a group with |G| = 4n+2. Show that there is a subgroup H < G such that |H| = 2n + 1. Use Cauchy's theorem, Cayley's theorem and the fact that any subgroup of [itex]S_n[/itex] has either all of its elements or precisely half of its elements being even.
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