Capacitor Definition and 1000 Threads

I am really new to this so please let me know if I am doing anything wrong. I have an RLC circuit which contains a capacitor with ##C = 0.1## nF. I need to drive it resonantly at ##\omega_0 = 2\pi\times 100## MHz and I want the voltage across the capacitor to be ##V_C = 500## V. In this case the...

Is it true that for a charged capacitor with a DC potential across it, the actual surface charge depth is very shallow, just few angstroms or few atomic layers so to speak, because if the plates of a parallel plate capacitor are made from a metal like copper where the free electron number is...

My try: At first, the energy is ##U_1 = \dfrac {q^2_1}{2C_1}##. After inserting the dielectric and reducing the distance between plates, the capacitance changes to ##\dfrac {5}{2}C_1##, and because the voltage is constant, we have ##q_2 = \dfrac {5}{2}q_1##. When we disconnect it from the...

I've recently bought an electric mattress pad for my girlfriend. It has 4 separate heating zones (body and feet) and 2 controllers with a 2 plugs (not grounded - standard 2 prong EU plug). We turned it on and finally enjoyed a already warm bed when going to bed. Only problem: once we turned...

Hello again. I am interested in the possibility of achieving a very high energy density, using accessible technical resources. I refer to the word accessible in terms of technical feasibility, not monetary cost. --------- It all started by thinking about how it would be possible to avoid the...

Good morning, I can't understand a concept of electromagnetic induction. Then according to Biot Savart's law, at high and alternating currents (amperes) electromagnetic induction occurs in nearby conductors, if instead we have a capacitor (which accumulates a lot of voltage and a few amperes)...

I have stored here electronic devices with aluminum electrolytic capacitors used and manufactured in the early 90s. Here the temperature varies between 33-35C. These electronic devices need to be energized what time and frequency to prevent failures in these aluminum electrolytic capacitors...

Hello I'm reading this research paper about obtaining an accurate DC-link capacitor current equation. I've attached the paper. Im struggling to understand a few things and was hoping someone could help with them. 1) How is the the value marked in the bracket after each V vector describing the...

Here is a picture depicting the capacitor and the points of interest. I approached this problem by applying the Ampere-Maxwell law. For each point I used an circular Amperian loop that I denote by ##P##, enclosing a circular surface ##S##. Thus, for point ##b## we have...

I'm just not able to grasp the concept of a LC circuit intuitively, and yet I have found zero answers to my doubts. I can't understand why does the current keeps flowing counter-clockwise between the 3rd and the 4th circuit (see image attached) I know that when the capacitor has 0 charge, in...

I just started taking LC circuits, and I was wondering, when capacitors charge without a resistance, they charge immediately, so when they discharge in an LC circuit, why don't they "send" all of their charge immediately? Is it because that's how capacitors work in general, or is it because of...

So from Gauss theorem, electric field at any point inside a uniformly charged sphereical shell is zero. Thus there is no electrostatic force on the inner sphere. From what I have learnt, a field is necessary to move charges. But in this case the inner sphere acquires a charge q without any...

This is related to an earlier post (https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/an-electrolytic-capacitor-charges-by-itself.1008156/), but there's a new angle to it, therefore the new thread. I have two 100 microF electrolyte capacitors in my office, one is connected to a volt meter, the other is...

Consider the above diagram. Once the first capacitor is charged, clearly it will have a voltage ##E##. Then when the switch is flipped, the cell no longer matters (there is no complete circuit which goes through the cell), so we have the first capacitor connected to the second one, and it looks...

I had two trains of thought. One is that the capacitor will fully charge when t = infinity, so when you plug t = infinity into the equation of charge as a function of time you get 1.68E-4, which you also could've gotten from Q = CΔV where ΔV = 42V. My other train of thought was that when t =...

I'm reading the capacity chapter of Serway's book, and I had a question about the charging of a parallel plate capacitor. Let's assume the following situation with a modification of the circuit in the figure: we connect the negative terminal of the battery and one of the capacitor plates to...

So my question is that if i put other lead of multimeter to my hand and other lead to socket 230 phase wire why it shows 150 volts when i stand at floor and 80 volts when i stand at carpet? what causes those voltages? And yes i know doing that could be dangerous. It also shows weird voltage if i...

I solved this problem by simply applying the formula for capacitance. The potential difference between a point on the inner shell and the outer shell is computed by considering the electric fields to be ##\frac{E_0}{\kappa_1}## between radius ##a## and ##b## and ##\frac{E_0}{\kappa_2}## between...

We have a parallel plate capacitor with two different dielectrics It seems to be the case that the potential difference on each half of the capacitor is the same. Initially, the electric field was ##\vec{E_0}=\frac{2\sigma_+}{\epsilon_0}\hat{j}##. If we were to insert a single dielectric...

Let me first think about a simpler case. Suppose we have a capacitor. That is, the two plates have charges of equal magnitude and opposite signs. Consider the purple rectangle which represents a Gaussian pillbox. The electric field due to one of the plates individually has field lines...

We connect the charged capacitor to the no-charged capacitor (consider the wires to be ideal R=0), the final energy is less than the initial energy of the system. Where is the lost energy? (see example blew)

Do the plates of the capacitor exert a force on each other due to opposite electrical charges? Consider a planet capacitor. A simple calculation shows that this force must be very large. If you are not convinced of the magnitude of the force, I will give a simple example.

I know that my solution is time dependant, and I initially tried to use a capacitor model of sorts, but I realised as it was filled with a conductive medium, I cannot use a capacitor model. So now I am very stuck on this

TL;DR Summary: Need dielectric constant for given capacitor Given a 7.4 pF air-filled capacitor, you are asked to convert it to a capacitor that can store up to 7.4 mJ with a maximum potential difference of 652 V. Which dielectric in Table 25-1 should you use to fill the gap in the capacitor...

I'm delving into the topic of ionization chambers, but as someone without a background in electrical engineering, I'm finding the equivalent circuits a bit challenging to comprehend. Specifically, I'm puzzled by the placement of the chamber's capacitance and any parallel capacitance in the...

I want to ask about question (c). My idea is to compare the period and time constant. The period is 0.05 s and time constant is 0.005 s. Time constant is the time needed for capacitor to discharge until the charge stored in it becomes 37% of initial charge. But I don't know how to relate the...

I am confused with the equation to be used for capacitor in electrical analysis The standard equation we have is Q=CV -> 1 the other equation is is V = Z*I ohms law Z is the impedance of the capacitor. Both are giving me voltage, which one to use ?

I simulated the below circuit to capture the phase delay between input voltage and output current in LTSpice How do i measure the phase delay introduced due to capacitor?

My students build "eCars" that use wheelchair motors and two 12 volt AGM lead acid batteries in series. A pair of Bosch 25Amp, 24 VDC, drill switches control power to each wheel. Tons of fun (see here): The switches last in some cases for years, but quite a few have burned out the "variable"...

Suppose we have two conductors ( can be of different shapes) and connect them to battery. Why would equal amounts of charge appear on the two conductors?

Hi, I am not sure if I have calculated the task correctly I have now assumed that the capacitor does not need to be charged and is therefore fully charged. In a DC circuit, a capacitor acts like an infinitely large resistor or like an open switch, so I assumed that it is a parallel circuit...

I really don't get this one. Why do I need V? Since I didn't use it, I assume my work Is incorrect.

A capacitor consisting of 2 square metal plates placed at a certain distance is connected to a potential difference generator V. A slab of dielectric material is inserted into the space between the armatures. By doing the calculation of the derivative of the electrostatic energy with respect...

So my idea was to separate the capacitor into two individual ones, one of length ##l - a## filled with a vacuum and one of length ##a## filled with the glass tube. The capacitances then are $$ C_0 = \frac{2 \pi \varepsilon_0 (l-a)}{\displaystyle \ln\left( \frac{r_2}{r_1} \right)} $$ for the...

My attempt would be to calculate the electric fields of the vacuum and dielectric part seperately and then use superpositioning to obtain the full solution. However, I don't see an ##x##-dependency coming along that path. The assignment suggests that there must be one though. Unfortunately, this...

In the given circuit, a transient current will flow and when this current finally stops at equilibrium, the charges ##q_1## and ##q_2## are assumed to deposit at the capacitor plates as shown below. The dashed line indicates an isolated system that will have it's total charge conserved. If I...

Hi, I am not sure if I have calculated the task b correctly. I always interpret an open switch as an infinitely large resistor, which is why no current is flowing through this "resistor". So there is no current in the red circle, as it was the case in task part a, but only in the blue circle...

(a) I think the top plate of C5 could end up with either + or - charge, and not necessarily + charge as shown. This is because the connected plates of C1, C5 and C3 form an isolated system to which we can apply the law of conservation of charge i.e. Total charge just before transient currents...

Question: Solution first part: Have I done it right? I don't know how to begin with second part since the dielectric is non-lineair, and most formulas like $$ D=\epsilon E$$ and $$P= \epsilon_0 \xhi_e E$$, only apply for lineair dielectrics. What to do?

I was thinking about doing KVL around the circuit at the right but I noticed when the switch opens, the current through the circuit at the right is not the same throughout -5 + Ic*2*1-^3 + Ic*10^3 = -Vc Ic is not the same around the right circuit so I am stuck....

The end goal is I need to convert a sinusoidal into a square wave using a zero crossing circuit. I have a voltage that ranges from 0 to 400vrms @70kHz from a capacitor that is part of an induction heater tank circuit. My comparator has a peak differential input of +/- 35v so I need to reduce the...

Suppose the switch has been closed for a long time so that the capacitor is fully charged and current is constant. a)Find the current in each resistor and charge Q of the capacitor. b)The switch is now opened at t=0s. Write the equation for the current for the resistor of 15kΩ as a function of...

Apparently, we need to integrate the functions from 0 to the time when it is fully charged. However, I integrated in terms of t so the soultion (according to a graph programme) should be around 236 Vs but I don’t see how this could help me.

For the first circuit, Req = ZL + ZC = -j/(w*C) + j*w*L = 0 for short circuit, so w = 0? For the open circuit case, -j/(w*C) + j*w*L = infinity, so w = infinity? Is that correct?

we know that flux is equal to the area integral of electric field dotted with dA and we can set this equal to charge enclosed divided by epsilon naught. Thus, in this case, the integral simplifies to E * A = (q_enclosed)/(ε_naught) when we choose a cylindrical gaussian surface with radius of r...

I was wondering why energy of capacitor does not equal change in kinetic energy PLUS change in potential energy where potential energy is the change in the potential energy of the charges. I believe that should be so because energy conservation = change in kinetic energy plus change in potential...

I have attached my solution. Unfortunately, after plugging in the values, my answer is 4 times more than the expected one. What am I missing?

For this part(b) of this problem, The solution is However, I tried solving (b) like this: Since ##Q_{total} = 363 \times 10^{-6} C## then ##Q_1 = 181.5 \times 10^{-6} C ## since the equivalent upper capacitor is in series with the equivalent bottom capacitor so should store the same amount...

a) if I take a Gaussian cylindrical surface whose circular area are present in the meat of the two plates of the capacitor, then the electric flux through this Gaussian surface is zero ( as the electric field inside the meatof the capacitor is zero and between the capacitors, electric field is...

Because of the plate P, the capacitor becomes a piece of conductor. It contains zero net charge and has 0 potential difference. Hence, the capacitance is ## \frac 0 0 # # that is undefined. The capacitance of a capacitor is defined as its capacity to store charge when a potential difference is...