Polynomial Definition and 1000 Threads

Given $f(x) = (x^2-1)^l$ we know it satisfies the ordinary differential equation $$(x^2-1)f'(x) -2lx f(x) = 0.$$ The book defines the Legendre polynomial $P_l(x)$ on $\mathbb{R}$ by Rodrigues's formula $$P_l(x) = \frac{1}{2^l l!} \left( \frac{d}{dx} \right)^l (x^2-1)^l.$$ I'm asked to prove by...

On a stationary, non-periodic signal (black) a smooth causal filter is calculated (green/red). It is sampled discretely (every distance unit of 1 on the X-axis). My goal is to find which "path" it is "travelling" on so I can extrapolate the current shape until it is completed (reaches a...

I started by setting $\alpha= e^{2\pi i/3} + \sqrt[3]{2}.$ Then I obtained $f(x) = x^9 - 9x^6 - 27x^3 - 27$ has $\alpha$ as a root. How can I proceed to find the minimal polynomial of $\alpha$ over $\mathbb{Q},$ and identify its other roots?

Homework Statement Show that if P(z)=a_0+a_1z+\cdots+a_nz^n is a polynomial of degree n where n\geq1 then there exists some positive number R such that |P(z)|>\frac{|a_n||z|^n}{2} for each value of z such that |z|>R Homework Equations Not sure. The Attempt at a Solution I've tried dividing...

Homework Statement A rectangular region of 125,000 sq ft is fenced off. A type of fencing costing $20 per foot was used along the back and front of the region. A fence costing $10 per foot was used for the other sides. What were the dimensions of the region that minimized the cost of the...

I'm trying find the minimal polynomial of $$a=3^{1/3}+9^{1/3}$$ over the rational numbers. I am currently going about this by trying to construct a polynomial from a (using what I intuitively feel would be a sufficiently small number of operations). Then I'd show it's irreducible by decomposing...

Not sure if this is the right place but could somebody help me solve the following equation B.x^b - x - A =0 wher A, B and b are constants. Thanks

Can someone just confirm my answers to this easy polynomial question, State the degree and dominant term to f(x)=2x(x-3)^3(x-1)(4x-2) I am working on this online and there is nothing on working on equations like this in the lesson. I believe the degree to be either 2 or 6, as the functions end...

I have a problem when trying to proof orthogonality of associated Laguerre polynomial. I substitute Rodrigue's form of associated Laguerre polynomial : to mutual orthogonality equation : and set, first for and second for . But after some step, I get trouble with this stuff : I've...

Hello! (Wave) The following part of code implements the Horner's method for the valuation of a polynomial. $$q(x)=\sum_{i=0}^m a_i x^i=a_0+x(a_1+x(a_2+ \dots + x(a_{m-1}+xa_m) \dots ))$$ where the coefficients $a_0, a_1, \dots , a_m$ and a value of $x$ are given: 1.k<-0 2.j<-m 3.while...

Homework Statement For ln(.8) estimate the number of terms needed in a Taylor polynomial to guarantee an accuracy of 10^-10 using the Taylor inequality theorem. Homework Equations |Rn(x)|<[M(|x-a|)^n+1]/(n+1)! for |x-a|<d. The Attempt at a Solution All I've done so far is take a couple...

I was taught that when you have a polynomial fraction where the denominator is of a higher degree than the numerator, it can't be reduced any further. This seems wrong to me for a couple of reasons. 1. If the denominator can be factored some of the terms may cancel out 2. Say you have the...

Hello This is not exactly a homework problem. I was browsing through an old book, "Elementary Algebra for Schools" by Hall and Knight, first published in England in 1885. The book can be found online at https://archive.org/details/elementaryalgeb00kniggoog . I was studying the process of...

Given that $f(x)=x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1$. Show that there exist polynomials $P(y)$ and $Q(y)$ of positive degrees, with integer coefficients, such that $f(5y^2)=P(y)\cdot Q(y)$ for all $y$.

Homework Statement find the inverse of r in R = F[x]/<h>. r = 1 + t - t^2 F = Z_7 (integers modulo 7), h = x^3 + x^2 -1 Homework Equations None The Attempt at a Solution The polynomial on bottom is of degree 3, so R will look like: R = {a + bt + ct^2 | a,b,c are elements of z_7 and x^3 = 1 -...

Homework Statement \frac{x^5-a^5}{x^2-a^2}, where a is some constant. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I can't figure out how to do this with long division. With synthetic, I can get to \frac{a^4+a^3 x+a^2 x^2+a x^3+x^4}{a+x} x^3+xa^2+...

Let $p,\,q,\,r,\,s,\,t$ be any real numbers and $s\ne 0$. Prove that the equation $x^3+(p+q+r)x^2+(pq+qr+rp-s^2)x+t=0$ has at least two distinct roots.

Let $ax^2+bx+c$ be a quadratic polynomial with complex coefficients such that $a$ and $b$ are non-zero. Prove that the roots of this quadratic polynomial lie in the region $|x|\le\left|\dfrac{b}{a}\right|+\left|\dfrac{c}{b}\right|$.

Homework Statement A polynomial p(x) is such that p(0)=5, p(1)=4, p(2)=9 and p(3)=20. the minimum degree it can have a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution a) Not Possible can't connect these points using straight line b) Not even possible to connect these points using...

Homework Statement To find number of real solutions of: ##\frac{1}{x-1}## ##+\frac{1}{x-2}## + ##\frac{1}{x-3}## + ##\frac{1}{x-4}## =2[/B] Homework Equations It will form a 4th degree polynomial equation. The Attempt at a Solution The real solutions could be 0 or 2 or 4 as complex...

Show that the remainder of the polynomial $f(x)=2008+2007x+2006x^2+\cdots+3x^{2005}+2x^{2006}+x^{2007}$ is the same upon division by $x(x+1)$ as upon division by $x(x+1)^2$.

Homework Statement Factor out the polynomial and find its solutions x^3-5x^2+7x-12[/B]Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I tried to factor it, but I'm stuck in this step x^2(x-5)+7(x-5)+23= 0. I graphed the equation, and I know there is two imaginary solutions and one real positive...

Hi! (Smile) Let $F(X,Y,Z) \in \mathbb{C}[X,Y,Z]$ a homogeneous polynomial of degree $n$. Could you give me a hint how we could show the following? (Thinking) $$XF_{X}+YF_{Y}+ZF_{Z}=nF$$

Homework Statement The goal of this problem is to approximate the value of ln 2. We will use two different approaches: (a) First, we use the Taylor polynomial pn(x) of the function f(x) = lnx centered at a = 1. Write the general expression for the nth Taylor polynomial pn(x) for f(x) = lnx...

Homework Statement Consider:[/B] F(x) = \int_0^x e^{-x^2} \, dx Find the Taylor polynomial p3(x) for the function F(x) centered at a = 0. Homework Equations Tabulated Taylor polynomial value for standard e^x The Attempt at a Solution [/B] I started out by using the tabulated value for Taylor...

Let $h(x)$ be a nonzero polynomial of degree less than 1992 having no non-constant factor in common with $x^3-x$. Let $\dfrac{d^{1992}}{dx^{1992}}\left(\dfrac{h(x)}{x^3-x}\right)=\dfrac{m(x)}{n(x)}$ for polynomials $m(x)$ and $n(x)$. Find the smallest possible degree of $m(x)$.

Hi, I'm using KA Stroud 6th edition (for anyone with the same book, P407) and there is a example question where I just can't seem to get the answer they have suggested: Homework Statement [/B] Question: Determine the value of I = ∫(4x3-6x2-16x+4) dx when x = -2, given that at x = 3, I = -13...

Chebyshev polynomials and Legendre polynomials are both orthogonal polynomials for determining the least square approximation of a function. Aren't they supposed to give the same result for a given function? I tried mathematica but the I didn't get the same answer :( Is this precision problem or...

At first he shows 2x+4 / 2 and you just divide both 2x and 4 by 2. But then in the next example he is dividing x^2+3x+6 by x+1 and he doesn't divide x^2 by x+1, 3x by x+1 and 6 by x+1. I do not understand how he does the problem.

The problem is as the title says. This is an example we went through during the lecture and therefore I have the solution. However there is a particular step in the solution which I do not understand. Using the Taylor series we will write sin(x) as: sin(x) = x - (x^3)/6 + (x^5)B(x) and...

Hey! :o I need some help at the following exercise: Show that the polynomial $f(x)=x^n+1 \in \mathbb{Q}[x]$ is irreducible if and only if $n=2^k$ for some integer $k \geq 0$. Could you give me some hints what I could do?? (Wondering)

Homework Statement In the real linear space C(1, 3) with inner product (f,g) = integral (1 to 3) f(x)g(x)dx, let f(x) = 1/x and show that the constant polynomial g nearest to f is g = (1/2)log3. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I seem to be able to get g = log 3 but I do not know...

Solve the following inequality: 6e) $(x - 3)(x + 1) + (x - 3)(x + 2) \ge 0$ So, I created an interval table with the zeros x-3, x+1, x-3 and x+2 but I keep getting the wrong answer. Could someone help? (this is grade 12 math - so please don't be too complicated). Thanks.

In the above title 10 and 1000 are arbitrary numbers I will use them below to signify the concept of a smaller and larger number. I know that n points are described by at most an x^(n-1) polynomial. What I really mean to ask is: Is it possible to take a "smaller" amount of points say 10, go...

Homework Statement A package sent by a courier has the shape of a square prism. The sum of the length of the prism and the perimeter of its base is 100cm. Write a polynomial function to represent the volume V of the package in terms of x. width and height are in x centimeters, length is in y...

Hi all, $$f(x) = 3x^2+2x+10$$ I recognized that this a quadratic and used the quadratic formula. I came up with $$-1/3+-\sqrt{29}/3$$. But the answer has a $$i$$ for imaginary. When I was under the \sqrt{116}, I broke that down, but didn't realize there would be an $$i$$ Can someone explain...

Determine a real polynomial $Q(x)$ of degree at most 5 which leaves remainders $-1$ and 1 upon division by $(x-1)^3$ and $(x+1)^3$ respectively.

Given some algebraic number, let's say, √2+√3+√5, or 2^(1/3)+√2, is there some way to find the polynomial that will give 0 when that number is substituted in? I know that there are methods to find the polynomial for some of the simpler numbers like √2+√3, but I have no clue where to begin for...

I'm going through polynomials and the the problem: $$g\left(x\right)= (4+x^3)/3 $$ IS NOT A POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION. I don't get it. The answer says $$x\ne0$$, it's not a polynomial. How did you deduce that? Going down the rabbit hole...and it's the third week.

Or does it always have to have MORE THAN 2 like x^2 +x^2 -4a polynomial can never be x^2 - x-^3 Right?

i want to write a hypergeometric function (2F1(a,b;c,x)) as function of n that generate polynomials below n=0 → 1 n=1 → y n=2 → 4(ω+1)y^2-1 n=3 → y(2(2ω+3)y^2-3) n=4 → 8(ω+2)(2ω+3)y^4-6(6+4ω)y^2+3 ... → ... 2F1(a,b;c,x)=1+(ab)/(c)x+(a(a+1)b(b+1))/(c(c+1))x^2/2!+... the...

P(x) is polynomial of degree 2012, P(k)=2^k, k=0,1,...,2012. Find P(2013)

Like I mentioned in the title, this is probably one of the greatest challenge problems (I've seen so far) that designed for, hmm, well, for a challenge!:o Let $x_1$ be the largest solution to the equation $\dfrac{6}{x-6}+ \dfrac{8}{x-8}+\dfrac{20}{x-20}+\dfrac{22}{x-22}=x^2-14x-4$ Find the...

Homework Statement If p(x) ∈F[x] is of degree 3, and p(x)=a0+a1∗x+a2∗x2+a3∗x3, show that p(x) is irreducible over F if there is no element r∈F such that a0+a1∗r+a2∗r2+a3∗r3 =0. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Is this approach correct? If p(x) is reducible, then there...

1. What if absolute convergence test gives the result of 'inconclusive' for a given power series? We need to use other tests to check convergence/divergence of the powerr series but the matter is even if comparison or integral test confirms the convergence of the power series, we don't know...

I am reading Anthony W. Knapp's book, Basic Algebra. On page 146 in the section of Part IV (which is mainly on groups and group actions) which digresses onto rings and fields, we find the following text on the nature of ideals in the polynomial rings $$\mathbb{Q} [X] , \mathbb{R} [X] ...

A polynomial $P(x)=x^3+mx^2+nx+k$ is such that $n<0$ and $mn=9k$. Prove that the polynomial has three distinct real roots.

Let $p,\,q,\,r,\,s,\,t$ be distinct real numbers. Prove that the equation $(x-p)(x-q)(x-r)(x-s)+(x-p)(x-q)(x-r)(x-t)+(x-p)(x-q)(x-s)(x-t)+(x-p)(x-r)(x-s)(x-t)+(x-q)(x-r)(x-s)(x-t)=0$ has 4 distinct real solutions.

If $a,\,b$ are the two largest real roots of the polynomial $f(x)=3x^3-17x+5\sqrt{6}$, and their sum can be expressed as $\dfrac{\sqrt{m}+\sqrt{n}}{k}$ for positive integers $m,\,n,\,k$, find the value for $a+b$.

Let's say I wanted to do the following calculation: (x^2 + 2x + 1) / (x+1) I've scrolled through some online guides, and they all show how to do it, but not the principle behind it. I'm specifically having trouble with the fact, that instead of dividing the largest degree term with the entire...