Understanding optics with two lenses involves recognizing the conventions for mirrors and translating them to lenses. The crucial step is identifying the front and back sides of the lens, where the front is considered positive and the back negative for focal length, radius of curvature, image distance, and object distance. For converging lenses, use the sign conventions of converging mirrors, but remember that image distance is treated differently. Diverging lenses follow a similar rule, with image distance being negative when the image is in front of the lens. This foundational knowledge aids in mastering optic physics with lenses.