Unidempicity said:
Are there simultaneous moments?
I know that relativity states that demetion is proortional to velocity ant that mass is also demension of time but the real question is are nearness values absolute? Is there such a thing as objective nearness in strict time?
Sorry, I can't understand any of the foregoing.
Unidempicity said:
Thought experiment: A species travels into the past on an asteroid while skimming the atmosphere of planet X are the two events simultaneous?
Now this part, I think I understand what you are asking.
Two events are simultaneous if their Coordinate Times in a particular Inertial Reference Frame (IRF) have the same value. If you transform the coordinates of the two events into another Inertial Reference Frame the two new Coordinate Times may be different and so the two events in this other frame are not simultaneous. However, some other pairs of events may be simultaneous.
Here is a spacetime diagram depicting a species on an asteroid (in red) skimming the atmosphere of planet X (in blue). The asteroid is traveling at 0.8c. The dots represent Proper Time intervals of 1 microsecond. Key to understanding this type of spacetime diagram is that any object in motion will be Time Dilated, meaning that the dots are placed farther apart.
We consider the time of closest approach to have a coordinate value of 0 and we start the scenario 6 microseconds (usecs) for each object before that to show the approach and 6 microseconds after that to show the trajectory of the asteroid past the planet. We are considering the speed of light to 1000 feet per microsecond. Here's a diagram for an IRF in which the planet is at rest:
Notice that the event corresponding to the red asteroid's time of -3 microseconds is simultaneous with the blue planet's time of -5 microseconds since they both happen at the same Coordinate Time of -5 microseconds. We could say the same thing with regard to the two events occurring at the Coordinate Time of 5 seconds.
Now we want to transform all the coordinates of the events in this first IRF into an IRF where the red asteroid is at rest and the blue planet is moving past it in the opposite direction:
Now we see a symmetrical new set of coordinates in this frame. Again, the events at Coordinate Times of -5 and +5 microseconds have dots for each object that are simultaneous with each other.
I want to show you one more diagram for an IRF in which both objects are traveling in opposite directions at the same speed, 0.5c:
Now because the two objects are traveling at the same speed, they are Time Dilated by the same amount and so their clocks remain in synch with each other. This means that any two events corresponding to the same Proper Time for both objects will also have the same Coordinate Time values and therefor are simultaneous.
Thus, simultaneousness is a coordinate effect which depends on the IRF you chose to describe, analyze, and depict your scenario. Transform to a new IRF and you can change all the simultaneous events.