Aromaticity in organic molecules is primarily determined by Hückel's rule, which states that a compound is aromatic if it has a 4n+2 system of π electrons. Furan is identified as an aromatic compound because one of its oxygen's lone pairs contributes to the π system, resulting in a total of four π electrons. However, there is debate regarding the application of Hückel's rule, with some arguing that the calculations presented do not align with the rule's criteria. The discussion highlights differing interpretations of aromaticity based on electron count and molecular structure. Ultimately, clarity in applying Hückel's rule is essential for accurately determining aromaticity.