To convert a 10 dBm, 170 GHz signal to -1 dBm, a properly sized obstruction within the waveguide is suggested as an effective attenuator. There are concerns about the generation of 10 dBm at this frequency, as typical millimeter-wave sources, like Agilent's modules, only output around -10 dBm. The discussion highlights the use of gyrotrons, which can produce significantly higher power levels, such as 80 dBm at 140 GHz, but they require complex setups including superconducting magnets and high voltage. Safety risks are noted with high-power microwave generation, emphasizing the need for expertise in microwave technology. Overall, the conversation revolves around the challenges and considerations in working with high-frequency signals and specialized equipment.
