Calculating Height of a Twice-Daily Orbit Above Earth's Surface

  • Thread starter Thread starter somekid99
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Height Orbits
Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the height of a spy satellite's orbit that completes two rotations around the Earth daily. The key equations involved include centripetal force (Fc = m*v²/r) and gravitational force (Fg = Gm1m2/r²), with the period of the orbit set at 12 hours (T = 43200 seconds). The final expression derived for the orbital radius is r = cuberoot(GMT²/4π²), where G is the gravitational constant (6.67408E-11) and M is Earth's mass (5.972E24). The discussion emphasizes the importance of using variables effectively to simplify calculations and derive meaningful results.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of centripetal force and gravitational force equations
  • Familiarity with Kepler's laws of planetary motion
  • Basic algebra skills for manipulating equations
  • Knowledge of gravitational constant (G) and Earth's mass (M)
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn how to apply Kepler's laws to different celestial bodies
  • Study the derivation of gravitational force in relation to orbital mechanics
  • Explore the significance of significant figures in scientific calculations
  • Research the relationship between gravitational acceleration (g) and Earth's radius
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on orbital mechanics, astrophysics enthusiasts, and educators teaching gravitational concepts and satellite dynamics.

  • #31
somekid99 said:
Wait wait, I'm a bit confused.
So M = gR2/G
R = squareroot(MG/g)

sqrt(MG/g) = cbrt(GMT2/4pi2)
You are confusing two radii. On the left is R, the radius of the Earth; on the right is r, the orbital radius of your satellite.
Use R = squareroot(MG/g) to get rid of the MG factor in your expression for r.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #32
haruspex said:
You are confusing two radii. On the left is R, the radius of the Earth; on the right is r, the orbital radius of your satellite.
Use R = squareroot(MG/g) to get rid of the MG factor in your expression for r.

So if R is the radius of Earth and r is the radius of the the satellite's orbit then to find the height of the satellite:
Height = cbrt(GMT2/4pi2) - sqrt(MG/g)

Or what do you mean by get rid of the MG factor?
So I substitue MG with R?
r = cbrt((sqrt(MG/g))T2/4pi2)?
 
  • #33
somekid99 said:
So if R is the radius of Earth and r is the radius of the the satellite's orbit then to find the height of the satellite:
Height = cbrt(GMT2/4pi2) - sqrt(MG/g)
You were supposed to replace GM with gR^2, not the other way around. All that happened now was that you complicated the expression. The point was to get rid of constants you did not know.
 
  • #34
Orodruin said:
You were supposed to replace GM with gR^2, not the other way around. All that happened now was that you complicated the expression. The point was to get rid of constants you did not know.
ohhh, I thought that was to prove what the radius of the Earth was, that's why I got confused.

r = cbrt(gR2T2/4pi2)
r = cbrt(9.8*63710002432002/4pi2)
r = 26591919.1 m

Then I subtract r with Earth's radius
26591919.1 m - 6371000 m = 20220919.1 m

and that's the height.
 
  • #35
Apart from the fact that you again have way too many significant digits. You really do not have more than two at best. I suggest writing the answer in units of Mm (megameter) or, even in units of the Earth's radius. Giving nine significant digits you are essentially saying you know all the input variables to a precision that would be the same as knowing your height with a precision of the size of an atom. This is completely unreasonable.
 
  • #36
Orodruin said:
Apart from the fact that you again have way too many significant digits. You really do not have more than two at best. I suggest writing the answer in units of Mm (megameter) or, even in units of the Earth's radius. Giving nine significant digits you are essentially saying you know all the input variables to a precision that would be the same as knowing your height with a precision of the size of an atom. This is completely unreasonable.
I used meters to try to keep the units the same.
So if my smallest significant figures is 9.8, with 2 significant digits, then the final answer would be 2.6E7 m?
 
  • #37
somekid99 said:
I used meters to try to keep the units the same.
I suggest you get comfortablr with prefixes. That is what they are for.

You also forgot to remove the Earth radius now.
 
  • #38
Orodruin said:
I suggest you get comfortablr with prefixes. That is what they are for.

You also forgot to remove the Earth radius now.

I have subtracted the radius with Earth's radius in the previous post.

Isn't mega meter the same thing as kilometer? I don't understand the difference? So your'e putting it in kilometers but you write it as mega meters?
 
  • #39
somekid99 said:
Isn't mega meter the same thing as kilometer?
No, mega and kilo are different prefixes. Why would they be the same? While kilo denotes ##10^3##, mega denotes ##10^6##.
 

Similar threads

Replies
2
Views
4K
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 63 ·
3
Replies
63
Views
4K
Replies
17
Views
2K
  • · Replies 39 ·
2
Replies
39
Views
4K
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K