Can the Time-Energy Uncertainty Relation Simplify the Schrodinger Equation?

Wannabe Physicist
Messages
17
Reaction score
3
Homework Statement
A particle moves in a 1D symmetric infinite square well of length ##2a##. Inside the well, the potential is ##V(x) = \gamma \delta(x)##. For sufficiently large ##\gamma##, calculate the time required for the particle to tunnel from being in the ground state of the well extending from ##x = -a## to ##x = 0## to the ground state of the well extending from ##x=0## to x=a##.
Relevant Equations
##\Delta t \Delta E \geq \hbar/2##
I am guessing time-energy uncertainty relation is the way to solve this. I solved the Schrodinger equation for both the regions and used to continuity at ##x=-a, 0,a## and got ##\psi(-a<x<0) = A\sin(\kappa(x+a))## and ##\psi(0<x<a) = -A\sin(\kappa(x-a))## where ##\kappa^2 = 2mE/\hbar^2##. Looking at the discontuity in the derivative, I got the transcendental equation
$$\tan(\kappa a) = -\frac{\hbar^2 \kappa}{m\gamma}$$
Setting ##x = \kappa a##,
$$\tan(x) = -\frac{\hbar^2 }{m\gamma a}x$$.

Imitating what one does for finite square well case, I plotted both the curves. One root is at ##x=0##. But that would mean ##\kappa = E = 0##. So that cannot represent a bound state. Next root for ##\gamma a = m/\hbar^2## (which means ##\tan(x) = -x##) is ##x=2.029##. This implies
$$\kappa = \frac{2.029}{a} = 2.029\frac{\hbar^2\gamma}{m}$$
This gives
$$E = \frac{2m\kappa^2}{\hbar^2} = \frac{2m}{\hbar^2}\left(\frac{4.117 \hbar^4\gamma^2}{m^2}\right) = \frac{8.234\hbar^2\gamma^2}{m}$$.

Now ##\Delta t \Delta E \geq \hbar/2##. But $$E = p^2/2m \implies \Delta E = p\Delta p/m= p\hbar/(2m \Delta x) = p\hbar/(2m a) = \sqrt{2mE} \hbar/(2ma) = \sqrt{\frac{2E}{ma^2}}\frac{\hbar}{2}$$

Thus $$\Delta E = \sqrt{\frac{2E}{ma^2}}\frac{\hbar}{2}$$

Finally,
$$\Delta t = \frac{\hbar}{2\Delta E} = \sqrt{\frac{ma^2}{2E}}$$

Substituting ##E = \frac{8.234\hbar^2\gamma^2}{m}## I get
$$\Delta t = 0.4964\frac{ma\gamma}{\hbar}$$

Does all of this make sense? Is there a simpler method and I am over-complicating an extremely simple problem?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
I observe physical dimension of your result is
dim[\frac{ma\gamma}{\hbar}]=ML^2T^{-1}
, not T which we expect. Instead I see
dim[\frac{a\hbar}{\gamma}]=T
Is it helpful for checking your result ?
 
Last edited:
Yes. Thank you.
 
Hello everyone, I’m considering a point charge q that oscillates harmonically about the origin along the z-axis, e.g. $$z_{q}(t)= A\sin(wt)$$ In a strongly simplified / quasi-instantaneous approximation I ignore retardation and take the electric field at the position ##r=(x,y,z)## simply to be the “Coulomb field at the charge’s instantaneous position”: $$E(r,t)=\frac{q}{4\pi\varepsilon_{0}}\frac{r-r_{q}(t)}{||r-r_{q}(t)||^{3}}$$ with $$r_{q}(t)=(0,0,z_{q}(t))$$ (I’m aware this isn’t...
Hi, I had an exam and I completely messed up a problem. Especially one part which was necessary for the rest of the problem. Basically, I have a wormhole metric: $$(ds)^2 = -(dt)^2 + (dr)^2 + (r^2 + b^2)( (d\theta)^2 + sin^2 \theta (d\phi)^2 )$$ Where ##b=1## with an orbit only in the equatorial plane. We also know from the question that the orbit must satisfy this relationship: $$\varepsilon = \frac{1}{2} (\frac{dr}{d\tau})^2 + V_{eff}(r)$$ Ultimately, I was tasked to find the initial...
Back
Top