Other Career in academia or government/industrial work?

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A junior majoring in physics is exploring career paths after obtaining a PhD in nuclear physics, specifically considering whether to pursue academia or government/industry roles. The consensus is that to secure a faculty position, multiple postdoctoral positions (typically lasting 2-3 years each) are essential, especially in theoretical fields like Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Transitioning from industry back to academia is viewed as challenging, with few examples of success in theoretical physics. Seeking advice from faculty members about typical career trajectories and job market conditions is recommended for informed decision-making. Additionally, postdoctoral positions at National Labs are considered equally valuable as academic postdocs in this field.
tbirgy
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Hi,

I'm currently a junior majoring in physics and intend on going to graduate school to get a PhD in nuclear physics after graduation. This post may be premature, as I'm not even in grad school yet, but I have a general question about a career in physics.

I would eventually like to work as a professor, conducting research in QCD. Right after getting a PhD, would it be most beneficial to pursue a career in government/industrial work or would it be more helpful to try to get a position in academia?

Thanks!
 
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For eventually ending up as faculty, you will likely need to go through several postdocs of 2-3 years each in order to have a shot at a tenure track position. I do not know anyone who has gone to industry and ended up with a faculty job in a more theoretical subject like QCD.

I would suggest you sit down with someone doing more or less what you want to do (preferably a faculty member at your university) and ask what the typical carreer path would look like and how the job market looks like.
 
Yeah I only know one professor who started in industry, but he's in a different area of physics so I thought I would ask. Thank you!
 
For physics, "government" which I think should be read as a postdoc at a National Lab, is just as valuable as an academic postdoc. Industry is a different animal and I would consider getting a job in industry a one-way door.
 
Hey, I am Andreas from Germany. I am currently 35 years old and I want to relearn math and physics. This is not one of these regular questions when it comes to this matter. So... I am very realistic about it. I know that there are severe contraints when it comes to selfstudy compared to a regular school and/or university (structure, peers, teachers, learning groups, tests, access to papers and so on) . I will never get a job in this field and I will never be taken serious by "real"...
Yesterday, 9/5/2025, when I was surfing, I found an article The Schwarzschild solution contains three problems, which can be easily solved - Journal of King Saud University - Science ABUNDANCE ESTIMATION IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT https://jksus.org/the-schwarzschild-solution-contains-three-problems-which-can-be-easily-solved/ that has the derivation of a line element as a corrected version of the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein’s field equation. This article's date received is 2022-11-15...

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