Centripetal generated by rotation of the Earth

AI Thread Summary
An object weighing 100N at the South Pole weighs approximately 99.7N at the equator due to the centripetal force generated by Earth's rotation. The centripetal force, calculated as 0.3N, acts upward, countering the gravitational force. This results in a net weight reduction when measured on scales. The discussion highlights confusion regarding the direction of force vectors, particularly the distinction between gravitational force and centripetal force. Understanding these forces is crucial for accurately interpreting weight changes due to Earth's rotation.
dan667
Messages
2
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


An object weighs 100N at the South Pole. How much does it weigh at the equator?

Given: Earth's rotational spin speed 465m/s
Diameter of the Earth is 1.274 x 10^7 m


Homework Equations


Fc = m x v^2 / r


The Attempt at a Solution


Well I have this general understanding that the object should weigh less since it's experience uniform circular motion, and that it "wants" to fly off tangentially (Newton's first law) but is constrained by the force of friction, right? It seems I have calculated the answer of the centripetal force to be 0.3 N, but what I don't understand is that why I subtract it from 100N. The confusion lies in where the normal force and centripetal force vectors are located. It would be greatly appreciated if anyone could give a lucid answer to this question. The answer by the way, is 99.7N
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The object weighs 100N so there is a force of 100N due to gravity pulling it down

At the equator there is a 0.3N force pushing it up, so if you put it on a pair of scales there would be 100N down and 0.3N up so the scales would read 99.7N
 
Yes, but how do you get 0.3 N pushing up? The centripetal force towards the center of Earth is 0.3 N, so the normal force is also 0.3 N. If the object is at the south pole. The only two forces would be Fg pulling it towards the center of the Earth and Fn, pushing the object upwards. But now we introduce two more forces and if you were to draw (or describe) how these force vectors are used on a FBD, what would it look like?
 
No - the centrepetal force is outwards.
 
I multiplied the values first without the error limit. Got 19.38. rounded it off to 2 significant figures since the given data has 2 significant figures. So = 19. For error I used the above formula. It comes out about 1.48. Now my question is. Should I write the answer as 19±1.5 (rounding 1.48 to 2 significant figures) OR should I write it as 19±1. So in short, should the error have same number of significant figures as the mean value or should it have the same number of decimal places as...
Thread 'Calculation of Tensile Forces in Piston-Type Water-Lifting Devices at Elevated Locations'
Figure 1 Overall Structure Diagram Figure 2: Top view of the piston when it is cylindrical A circular opening is created at a height of 5 meters above the water surface. Inside this opening is a sleeve-type piston with a cross-sectional area of 1 square meter. The piston is pulled to the right at a constant speed. The pulling force is(Figure 2): F = ρshg = 1000 × 1 × 5 × 10 = 50,000 N. Figure 3: Modifying the structure to incorporate a fixed internal piston When I modify the piston...
Thread 'A cylinder connected to a hanging mass'
Let's declare that for the cylinder, mass = M = 10 kg Radius = R = 4 m For the wall and the floor, Friction coeff = ##\mu## = 0.5 For the hanging mass, mass = m = 11 kg First, we divide the force according to their respective plane (x and y thing, correct me if I'm wrong) and according to which, cylinder or the hanging mass, they're working on. Force on the hanging mass $$mg - T = ma$$ Force(Cylinder) on y $$N_f + f_w - Mg = 0$$ Force(Cylinder) on x $$T + f_f - N_w = Ma$$ There's also...
Back
Top