Choosing a generator for mini wind turbine

AI Thread Summary
To choose a generator for a horizontal axis mini wind turbine, it's essential to select a DC motor that operates efficiently at a target wind speed of 25 mph while also generating power at lower speeds. The calculations indicate a maximum power output of 9 watts at 25 mph, based on the Betz limit and the swept area of the blades. When evaluating motors, consider specifications like voltage, torque, RPM, and current at maximum efficiency, as these will impact performance under load. It's crucial to understand that the motor will experience reduced blade speed due to the load, affecting overall efficiency. Proper mathematical assessment of the generator's specifications in relation to expected wind conditions is necessary for optimal performance.
carbs
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Hello physics forum,
I am currently trying to figure out how to pick a generator for a horizontal axis mini wind turbine based on specs. I plan on buying a DC motor to use as a generator with blades directly attached to motor shaft. My goal is for the motor to be most efficient at 25mph wind speed, but also be able to generate power at lower wind speeds.

Diameter of blades: 6"
Wind speed from 0 to 25mph

My calculations so far:
Max power = 9 watts @25mph wind speed w/ perfectly efficient blade using equation: P=0.5*0.593*ρ*A*v^3
where P is power (W), 0.593 is Betz limit, ρ is air density (kg/m^3), A is swept area of blades (m^2), and v is wind speed (m/s).

Is there any way to approach buying a generator mathematically?
Some specs sheets on motors I see have voltage/torque/rpm/current@max efficiency, and stall torque/current.
Thanks!
 
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The motor will make the blades spin slower than the same conditions without the blades.
You want to assess how much the motor with load the blades against he sort of winds you expect to operate in.

The motor ratings are for driving the motor.

Also see:
https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=435164
 
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