Thank you Russ, for the reference. I have checked it out any find little there which applies directly to my interests.
I find your comment implying there is some great difference between "clocks measure time by definition" and "time is defined by clocks" to be a distraction rather than a serious attempt to clear matters up. I said, in the opening of my paper, that the common concept of time is confused. I personally feel your comment simply adds to the confusion. In other words, I do not feel discussion of that comment is worth the time and trouble.
russ-watters
No. Thats Einstein's Special Relativity in a nutshell: There is no universal reference frame, the laws of the universe are the same for all frames, the speed of light is constant for all observers regarless of their particular frame, and the rate of the passage of time therefore is variable.
The "No" certainly does not belong there. Otherwise I have no complaint with your comment other than the fact that it is a clear example of the fact that you did not follow what I said. I don't think it is worth the time and trouble to discuss that issue further as I am sure that, if you come to understand what I am saying, you will find your difficulty above a trivial invalid cavil clearly not applicable to the discussion.
With regard to your further comments, all I can really do here is repeat that you did not at all follow my presentation. I will try another tack which may or may not clarify what I am doing:
Consider any experiment which can be performed (if your math abilities are limited, I suggest you make it a fairly simple experiment). Now make an analytical examination of that experiment from any standard space-time frame of reference you find convenient.
No matter what that experiment entails, it can be seen as a number of things (particles, objects or collections of such) which travel along trajectories in that space-time frame of reference you chose. Let us not worry, for the moment, where those trajectories start or finish but rather just choose some arbitrary start point on each path and finish with some arbitrary stop point on the same trajectory.
Now, do you have this all pictured in your head?
Now, those trajectories are lines (in Einstein's space-time continuum) and they may be discussed in terms of a parameter along their length say for example "p". It follow that any given line in that experiment may be described by the events which constitute that line: for any given p, the space-time coordinates correspond to the collection of events (x,y,z,t)_p . These can be seen as continuos functions of p or as a tabulated selection of a finite number of events; either perspective is a reasonable representation of the space-time path of the thing of interest. Do this for each "thing" involved in your experiment.
Now, let us examine the paths of those entities of interest, each by itself, in the absence of the others (I am presuming you know enough physics to solve the problem expressed in your experiment). The differential path length along the trajectory is exactly what is referred to as Einstein's invariant interval along the path of the thing being represented by that path. This fact is commonly used in high energy physics to determine the expected apparent path lengths (in x,y,z space) of particles with short half lives.
If you understood the common uses of relativity, you would understand that, in order to make the physics independent of the frame of reference, the half life (or any other temporal phenomena defined by the laws of physics, clocks included) will always be the same if measured in the rest frame of the thing of interest. The associated points of interest along the space-time path are obtained by integrating Einstein's invariant interval along that path. Since there is no movement of the entity in its own rest frame, the interval in this case is always imaginary: i.e., the interval is time like. As a consequence, one usually uses the variable tau (via ic tau) to represent such a variable.
At this point, if you have a strong enough math background, it should be clear that you can specify a collection of numbers(x,y,z,t, tau)_p for each and every trajectory in that experiment we were describing (let each of those lines begin with a specification tau = 0 then an integral will specify the rest).
Now, from the standard relativistic perspective, one uses a geometry of x, y, z and t with a metric which yields tau as the path length. That will require exactly the standard Minkowski geometry (if you don't use Minkowski geometry, you will not get the tau we just specified in that parameterized representation of the path).
I hope you will agree that the collection of parameterized paths of all the objects in your experiment exactly describe the experiment: by exact, I mean the correct result as deduced by modern physics.
Now let us look at an alternate perspective of exactly the same parameterized paths. This time let us use a geometry consisting of x,y,z and tau with a metric which yields t as the path length. If you are able to do the math, you will notice that this will require exactly a Euclidean geometry (if you don't use a Euclidean geometry, you will not get the t we just specified in that parameterized representation of the path).
Once again, the collection of parameterized paths of all the objects in you experiment exactly describe the experiment: and once again, by exact, I mean the correct result as deduced by modern physics.
There is nothing new here. No new physics, no new interpretation of the experiment and no experimental results which can decide which perspective is correct (in fact correct is not an adjective which has any meaning here). This is nothing more than a different way of viewing what is going on.
As an aside, notice that every entity which has properties which can be used as a clock will measure exactly the change in tau. This is exactly what they also do in Einstein's space-time continuum perspective. But tau and t are not the same thing. It is my opinion it is the absolute idea that "clocks measure time" which blocks everyone from seeing this other perspective.
If you followed what I just said, think about it for a while and then reread my paper.
I thank you for your attention -- Dick